Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2022.108181
Keywords
Hydrothermal liquefaction; Waste valorization; Manure; Wheat straw; Biofuel
Categories
Funding
- European Union [764734]
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [849841]
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bio-economy (Denmark, CBIO)
- European Research Council (ERC) [849841] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Crop and animal residues produced by agribusiness are major waste streams globally, with wheat straw and cow manure being significant contributors. This study demonstrates that hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) can efficiently convert these materials into biocrude, and combining the processing of these feedstocks can greatly enhance biocrude production and carbon recovery.
Agribusiness crop and animal residues constitute some of the major waste streams worldwide. Among them, wheat straw and cow manure are large contributors to the quantities generated. Both materials can be converted using hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) for recovery of biocrude and here we investigate how combined HTL processing can be of great interest to boost biocrude production and carbon recovery. This study presents batch HTL experiments using individual and blended feedstock mixtures to build predictive models for biocrude, carbon and energy recovery. These models are validated using a continuous HTL pilot plant. The combined approach led to the nitrogen-containing compounds present in cow manure to react with lignocellulosic-derived compounds from wheat straw and divert carbon into the oil phase, the reason for which biocrude, carbon and energy yields were drastically improved. Continuous HTL pilot plant campaigns successfully demonstrated increased carbon yields from 40% to 60% when using optimal feedstock ratios. Continuous data also shows the great benefits of increasing the organic matter concentration input with combined processing, resulting in total energy efficiencies larger than 50% and energy return over investment of 2.6, compared to 1.3-1.9 for individual feedstock processing.
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