Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages 81-86Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.02.005
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Funding
- Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (FP7-PEOPLE-IEF) [329648]
- CIRAD
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Parasitoids kill and live at the expense of their hosts, but they also serve as food for intraguild predators and hyperparasitoids. Natural enemy diversity can thus challenge herbivore suppression by parasitoids, but this depends on the ecological niches of the species involved and their functional diversity. The spatial context is another important layer of complexity, particularly in areas with reduced habitat complexity and increased fragmentation. Parasitoids have evolved strategies to locate their host, but this can be affected by risk of intraguild predation or hyperparasitism. To better understand these interactions we need more long-term experiments and trophic-web studies. This will provide fundamental knowledge, improve pest control, and allow ecologists to better predict the impact of human activities on species extinctions.
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