4.5 Article

Sodium abundances of AGB and RGB stars in Galactic globular clusters

Journal

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Volume 592, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

EDP SCIENCES S A
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201628502

Keywords

stars: abundances; globular clusters: general; globular clusters: individual: NGC 2808

Funding

  1. European Southern Observatory, via its ESO Studentship programme
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [1233004, 11390371]
  3. Strategic Priority Research Program The Emergence of Cosmological Structures of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]
  4. Swiss National Science Foundation (FNS) [200020-159543]
  5. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200020_159543] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)

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Context. Galactic globular clusters (GC) are known to have multiple stellar populations and be characterised by similar chemical features, e. g. O - Na anti-correlation. While second-population stars, identified by their Na overabundance, have been found from the main sequence turn-off up to the tip of the red giant branch (RGB) in various Galactic GCs, asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars have rarely been targeted. The recent finding that NGC6752 lacks an Na-rich AGB star has thus triggered new studies on AGB stars in GCs, since this result questions our basic understanding of GC formation and stellar evolution theory. Aims. We aim to compare the Na abundance distributions of AGB and RGB stars in Galactic GCs and investigate whether the presence of Na-rich stars on the AGB is metallicity-dependent. Methods. With high-resolution spectra obtained with the multi-object high-resolution spectrograph FLAMES on ESO/VLT, we derived accurate Na abundances for 31 AGB and 40 RGB stars in the Galactic GC NGC2808. Results. We find that NGC2808 has a mean metallicity of -1.11 +/- 0.08 dex, in good agreement with earlier analyses. Comparable Na abundance dispersions are derived for our AGB and RGB samples, with the AGB stars being slightly more concentrated than the RGB stars. The ratios of Na-poor first-population to Na-rich second-population stars are 45: 55 in the AGB sample and 48: 52 in the RGB sample. Conclusions. NGC2808 has Na-rich second-population AGB stars, which turn out to be even more numerous in relative terms than their Na-poor AGB counterparts and the Na-rich stars on the RGB. Our findings are well reproduced by the fast rotating massive stars scenario and they do not contradict the recent results that there is not an Na-rich AGB star in NGC6752. NGC2808 thus joins the larger group of Galactic GCs for which Na-rich second-population stars on the AGB have recently been found.

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