Characterization of Serous Cell-Free DNA in Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Limitations and opportunities of technologies for the analysis of cell-free DNA in cancer diagnostics

Ping Song et al.

Summary: This Review discusses the challenges and opportunities of technologies for the analysis of cell-free DNA for cancer diagnosis. It highlights the potential of cfDNA as biomarkers for guiding therapy, monitoring drug resistance, and early detection of cancers. However, the low concentrations and fragmented nature of cfDNA present challenges for clinical diagnostic applications. The Review describes state-of-the-art technologies and highlights the need to address biological and technical challenges to improve cancer diagnostics and patient care.

NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Plasma cfDNA methylation markers for the detection and prognosis of ovarian cancer

Leilei Liang et al.

Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the performance of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation in the detection and prognosis of ovarian cancer (OC). The results show that cfDNA methylation models have high sensitivity and specificity and are associated with the prognosis of OC. Further investigations reveal that the low-risk group has higher homologous recombination deficiency and immune cell infiltration. This study demonstrates the potential utility of cfDNA methylation in OC.

EBIOMEDICINE (2022)

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Article Oncology

cfDNA methylome profiling for detection and subtyping of small cell lung cancers

Francesca Chemi et al.

Summary: This article describes a workflow for genome-wide DNA methylation profiling that can be used to detect circulating cell-free DNA in patients with small cell lung cancer, and is correlated with survival outcomes. Additionally, this method can also differentiate between different SCLC subtypes.

NATURE CANCER (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Increased CG, CHG and CHH methylation at the cycloidea gene in the Peloria mutant of Linaria vulgaris

Ann E. Ehrenhofer-Murray

Summary: In natural plant populations, heritable DNA methylation variations are common. The Peloria mutant of Linaria vulgaris, caused by increased DNA methylation in the Lcyc gene, is an exception. The study found significant increases in non-CG methylation in Peloria plants, indicating potential transgenerational inheritance.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Pathology

Therapy Monitoring of EGFR-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Using ddPCR Multiplex Assays

Remco de Kock et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of detecting EGFR-sensitizing and EGFR-resistance mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer patients using ddPCR on cfDNA for treatment selection and monitoring. The ddPCR multiplex assays were shown to be reliable and valuable for therapy monitoring in these patients.

JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

DNA methylation-linked chromatin accessibility affects genomic architecture in Arabidopsis

Zhenhui Zhong et al.

Summary: DNA methylation influences chromatin accessibility, particularly in heterochromatin, in plants. Different sequence contexts of DNA methylation interact with each other, and methylation can impact chromatin structure through mechanisms other than transcription. Increased chromatin accessibility is associated with enhanced long-range chromatin interactions.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

The Nexus of cfDNA and Nuclease Biology

Diana S. C. Han et al.

Summary: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) serves as a widely used noninvasive biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. The balance between cfDNA generation and clearance is crucial in maintaining health and managing diseases, with plasma nuclease activity linked to various pathologies and changes in cfDNA fragmentation. Further research on factors influencing cfDNA levels and fragmentomic profiles provides insights into the biology of cfDNA.

TRENDS IN GENETICS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Substrate deformation regulates DRM2-mediated DNA methylation in plants

Jian Fang et al.

Summary: This study reveals the structure-function characterization of DRM2-mediated methylation. It uncovers the mechanism of arginine finger insertion into the non-target DNA strand, inducing DNA deformation, and stabilization of the enlarged major groove through shape complementarity.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2021)

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Article Cell Biology