☆ 4.5 Review

The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity

HEALTHCARE (2022)

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Pancreatic islet cells disarray, apoptosis, and proliferation in obese mice. The role of Semaglutide treatment

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Physical activity enhances the improvement of body mass index and metabolism by inulin: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial performed in obese individuals

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Weight-loss induced by carbohydrate restriction does not negatively affect health-related quality of life and cognition in people with type 2 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial

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Effect of Atkins versus a low-fat diet on gut microbiota, and cardiometabolic markers in obese women following an energy-restricted diet: Randomized, crossover trial

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Aspirin to target arterial events in chronic kidney disease (ATTACK): study protocol for a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel group trial of low-dose aspirin vs. standard care for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with chronic kidney disease

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activation and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition target dysbiosis to treat fatty liver in obese mice

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The Effects of High Fiber Rye, Compared to Refined Wheat, on Gut Microbiota Composition, Plasma Short Chain Fatty Acids, and Implications for Weight Loss and Metabolic Risk Factors (the RyeWeight Study)

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Comorbid depression and obesity, and its transition on the risk of functional disability among middle-aged and older Chinese: a cohort study

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Treatment With Multi-Species Probiotics Changes the Functions, Not the Composition of Gut Microbiota in Postmenopausal Women With Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

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Association of Obesity With COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: An Updated Systemic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Effect of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets and Intermittent Fasting on Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Hypertension Management: Consensus Statement of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, Korean Diabetes Association, and Korean Society of Hypertension

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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy induce substantial and persistent changes in microbial communities and metabolic pathways

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GUT MICROBES (2022)

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Obesity and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Progress in Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Bariatric Surgery

Shuhei Shinoda et al.

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BIOMEDICINES (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

A Systematic Review of the Impact of the First Year of COVID-19 on Obesity Risk Factors: A Pandemic Fueling a Pandemic?

Natasha Faye Daniels et al.

Summary: This systematic review examines the indirect effects of the first year of COVID-19 on obesity and its risk factors. The study found that COVID-19 has exacerbated key risk factors for obesity, including increased food and alcohol consumption, increased sedentary time, worsening depressive symptoms, and increased financial stress. These findings suggest that COVID-19 is likely to worsen obesity rates in the near future.

CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Recent Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Youn Huh et al.

Summary: Due to the global obesity epidemic, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased in Korea. Genetic, demographic, environmental, and clinical factors contribute to the development of NAFLD. Risk factors for NAFLD include obesity, advancing age, inadequate exercise, and sleep duration. Insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and sarcopenia are closely associated with NAFLD. Early assessment and prevention are crucial to address the rising incidence and burden of NAFLD and its complications.

JOURNAL OF OBESITY & METABOLIC SYNDROME (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The microRNA-29 family: role in metabolism and metabolic disease

Louise T. Dalgaard et al.

Summary: The miR-29 family of miRNAs plays a crucial role in various organs related to intermediary metabolism. Upregulation of miR-29 is associated with impaired glucose metabolism and suppression of fibrosis development.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Oncology

The obesity-breast cancer link: a multidisciplinary perspective

Emily N. Devericks et al.

Summary: Obesity plays a significant role in the development and progression of breast cancer through complex metabolic and immune dysregulation. Chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly in white adipose tissue, contributes to immune dysfunction that promotes breast cancer. Understanding the interaction between obesity and breast cancer is crucial for developing effective interventions to mitigate the negative effects of obesity on breast cancer. Dietary interventions have shown promise in offsetting the impact of obesity on breast cancer. The rising rates of obesity worldwide make it urgent to develop safe and equitable interventions to address the burden of obesity on breast cancer.

CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS (2022)

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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction and Body Mass Index

Rohan Samson et al.

Summary: Anti-hypertensive and lipid lowering therapy only addresses half of the cardiovascular disease risk in obese patients. This review examines newer aspects of obesity pathobiology that explain the partial effectiveness of these therapies in reducing cardiovascular disease risk in obesity.

CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Identification of novel targets in adipose tissue involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression

Marta Lopez-Yus et al.

Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Through RNA sequencing analysis and in vitro experiments, potential key genes related to NAFLD progression were identified. These findings provide new potential targets for future therapies against liver steatosis.

FASEB JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Obstetrics & Gynecology

Liraglutide 3 mg on weight, body composition, and hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized placebo-controlled-phase 3 study

Karen E. Elkind-Hirsch et al.

Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide 3 mg (LIRA 3 mg) in reducing body weight and hyperandrogenism in women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that LIRA 3 mg was superior to placebo in reducing body weight, lowering androgen levels, and improving cardiometabolic parameters.

FERTILITY AND STERILITY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Loss of TRIM67 Attenuates the Progress of Obesity-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Chao Huang et al.

Summary: Obesity is a major factor in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the molecular mechanisms involved are not well understood. This study investigates the role of TRIM67, a protein that is induced under obesity conditions, in NAFLD pathophysiology. It is found that enhanced expression of TRIM67 leads to hepatic inflammation, disruption of lipid metabolic homeostasis, and promotion of NAFLD progression induced by obesity. Furthermore, the transcription coactivator PGC-1 alpha is implicated in the response of hepatic TRIM67 to obesity.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Small fragments of hyaluronan are increased in individuals with obesity and contribute to low-grade inflammation through TLR-mediated activation of innate immune cells

Monica Romo et al.

Summary: This study found that circulating LMW HA levels are significantly increased in individuals with obesity, and LMW HA fragments can induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may trigger low-grade inflammation and metabolic complications through NF-kappa B activation.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Structurally-engineered fatty acid 1024 (SEFA-1024) improves diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease

Jordon D. Secor et al.

Summary: Obesity is a global epidemic that leads to various health problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Currently, there is no definitive therapy for improving blood sugar control and treating fatty liver disease in obese patients. However, a compound called SEFA-1024 has shown promise in reversing obesity-induced glucose metabolism disorders and hepatic lipotoxicity.

LIPIDS (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Metabolic obesity phenotypes and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study from the RaNCD cohort study

Samira Arbabi Jam et al.

Summary: This study investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome and obesity with chronic kidney disease. It found that individuals with metabolically unhealthy non-overweight/obesity and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity phenotypes had a higher risk of CKD. Lifestyle modifications are recommended to control weight and promote metabolic health.

BMC NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Enhancing SIRT1 Gene Expression Using Small Activating RNAs: A Novel Approach for Reversing Metabolic Syndrome

Pinelopi Andrikakou et al.

Summary: This study investigates the therapeutic potential of activating SIRT1 using small activating RNAs (saRNA) to treat Metabolic syndrome (MetS). The results demonstrate that targeted activation of SIRT1 by saRNAs can reverse MetS, as evidenced by reduced weight gain, improved lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis.

NUCLEIC ACID THERAPEUTICS (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 on Overweight and the Gut Microbiota in Humans: Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Sung-Joon Mo et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 supplementation can alleviate obesity and overweight by modulating the gut microbiota. The probiotic group showed reduced body weight, visceral fat mass, and waist circumference, as well as increased levels of adiponectin compared to the placebo group. Additionally, the supplementation led to changes in the bacterial gut microbiota composition.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Effects of an Exercise Program Combining Aerobic and Resistance Training on Protein Expressions of Neurotrophic Factors in Obese Rats Injected with Beta-Amyloid

Gyuho Lee et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of a 12-week exercise program combining aerobic and resistance training on high-fat diet-induced obese rats injected with beta-amyloid. The results showed that the exercise program improved cardiopulmonary function, muscular endurance, and short-term memory. Additionally, it had positive effects on alleviating beta-amyloid plaques and promoting protein expressions related to brain function.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Obesity Impact on SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Pros and Cons Obesity Paradox-A Systematic Review

Damiana-Maria Vulturar et al.

Summary: This systematic review of 23 studies concludes that obesity is a critical risk factor in the progression of COVID-19.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Neutrophil Elastase Increases Vascular Permeability and Leukocyte Transmigration in Cultured Endothelial Cells and Obese Mice

Chinchu Jagadan Ushakumari et al.

Summary: In this study, it was found that neutrophil elastase (NE) activates protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) signaling pathway and promotes changes in actomyosin and VE-cadherin, leading to increased vascular permeability and leukocyte infiltration in obesity-related inflammation. Inhibition of NE may be a potential approach to mitigate vascular injury and leukocyte infiltration in obesity-related systemic inflammation.

CELLS (2022)

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Review Oncology

Crosstalk between gut microbiota and COVID-19 impacts pancreatic cancer progression

Chun-Ye Zhang et al.

Summary: Pancreatic cancer and COVID-19 have complex interactions, with COVID-19 infection impacting pancreatic cancer progression through alteration of the gut microbiota. Increased expression of inflammatory cytokines is associated with disease severity and prognosis in both diseases. Modulation of the lung-gut-pancreas axis can enhance immunotherapy and improve prognosis.

WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Gasdermin D-mediated release of IL-33 from senescent hepatic stellate cells promotes obesity-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Ryota Yamagishi et al.

Summary: In this study, the release mechanism of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors from senescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was identified in a mouse model of obesity-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). IL-33 release from HSCs promoted HCC development via the activation of ST2-positive T-reg cells in the liver tumor microenvironment. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of inhibitors of gasdermin D-mediated pore formation for HCC treatment.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Vascular Calcification and the Gut and Blood Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis: A Pilot Study

Ana Merino-Ribas et al.

Summary: This pilot study aimed to explore the link between gut and blood microbiomes and vascular calcification (VC) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD-PD). The results showed relative changes in specific taxa between CKD-PD patients with and without VC in gut and blood microbiomes. There was also an association between VC and all-cause mortality risk in CKD-PD patients, with changes in certain microbial groups observed in the gut and blood. Therefore, certain microbial groups in the gut, blood, and circulating sCD14 may serve as biomarkers for VC, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and mortality risk in CKD.

BIOMOLECULES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

microRNA-140 Regulates PDGFRα and Is Involved in Adipocyte Differentiation

Yi Yan et al.

Summary: This study found that miR-140-5p induces lipogenesis and adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells by targeting PDGFR alpha, thus regulating adipogenesis. This provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases.

FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Potential Interplay between HDLs and Adiponectin in Promoting Endothelial Dysfunction in Obesity

Monica Zocchi et al.

Summary: Obesity is a major public health issue associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and increased cardiovascular risks. The interaction between adiponectin and HDLs is crucial, especially in obese individuals.

BIOMEDICINES (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

MiR-203 is an anti-obese microRNA by targeting apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter

Xin Liu et al.

Summary: miR-203 exerts weight-loss and lipid-lowering effects by increasing total bile acids excretion in obese mice, and could be a new therapeutic regulator for obesity and dyslipidemia.

ISCIENCE (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Obesity-Related Chronic Kidney Disease: Principal Mechanisms and New Approaches in Nutritional Management

Alessandra Stasi et al.

Summary: Obesity is a growing epidemic with important impacts on various clinical areas, such as endocrinology, cardiology, and nephrology. It increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, renal diseases, and neurocognitive impairment. Obesity-related chronic kidney disease is attributed to fat accumulation and hemodynamic changes in the kidneys.

FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Association between the Blautia/Bacteroides Ratio and Altered Body Mass Index after Bariatric Surgery

Yoonhong Kim et al.

Summary: This study investigates the changes in gut microbiota before and after bariatric surgery and evaluates the association between gut microbial shift and altered body mass index (BMI). The results show that patients who underwent bariatric surgery had increased alpha-diversity, decreased Blautia, and increased Bacteriodes, and the Blautia/Bacteroides ratio was positively correlated with BMI.

ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Rehabilitation

Physical activity induced alterations of gut microbiota in humans: a systematic review

Hanna Dziewiecka et al.

Summary: This systematic review explores the effects of exercise on gut microbiota in humans. The findings indicate that physical activity significantly influences the abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in non-athletes. Aerobic training lasting 60 minutes, as well as physical activity at 60% HRmax or higher, also affects beta diversity indexes. Athletes were found to have a more diverse gut microbiota compared to non-athletes, but with reduced levels of SCFA- and lactic acid-producing bacteria, suggesting a negative impact of intense exercise on gut microbiota populations.

BMC SPORTS SCIENCE MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Aspirin attenuates the expression of adhesion molecules, risk of obesity, and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Sourav Roy et al.

PROSTAGLANDINS & OTHER LIPID MEDIATORS (2022)

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Review Physiology

The role of exercise training on cardiovascular peptides in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abbas Malandish et al.

Summary: The systematic review and meta-analysis found that aerobic exercise can significantly improve NT-proBNP concentrations in patients with heart failure, which may be a sign of positive physiological adaptations to aerobic exercise.

CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHYSIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Continuous Monitoring of Vital Signs With Wearable Sensors During Daily Life Activities: Validation Study

Marjolein E. Haveman et al.

Summary: This study assessed the data availability, accuracy, and concurrent validity of wearable sensors in measuring vital signs in a simulated free-living environment. The results showed variations in performance among different sensors during different activities, with VitalPatch found to be the most accurate and valid for vital signs monitoring.

JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): Spatial-temporal Patterns of Incidence, Mortality and Attributable Risk Factors from 1990 to 2019 among 21 World Regions

Mehak Nanda et al.

Summary: This study examines the temporal patterns and burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally, regionally, and nationally over the past three decades. The results show a significant increase in the incident cases, deaths, and prevalence of T2DM worldwide, particularly in low and middle-income countries and regions. High body-mass-index, ambient particulate matter pollution, smoking, and secondhand smoke were identified as major contributing risk factors. The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted policies focused on lifestyle interventions, air pollution control, and timely treatment to address the global burden of T2DM.

ENDOCRINE (2022)

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Article Nursing

Exploring the Evidence: Symptom Burden in Chronic Disease

Maya N. Clark-Cutaia et al.

Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is more common in individuals with obesity, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension, and it is associated with a high symptom burden, necessitating symptom management.

NEPHROLOGY NURSING JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Oncology

Preventing ovariectomy-induced weight gain decreases tumor burden in rodent models of obesity and postmenopausal breast cancer

Elizabeth A. Wellberg et al.

Summary: Preventing weight gain after ovariectomy can decrease the development and growth of obesity-associated breast tumors, reduce visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance. It also decreases the levels of tumor-promoting growth factors and inflammatory cytokines, and reduces the expression of tumor-promoting factors in mammary adipose tissue.

BREAST CANCER RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Immunology

Aberrant cholesterol metabolic signaling impairs antitumor immunosurveillance through natural killer T cell dysfunction in obese liver

Wenshu Tang et al.

Summary: Obesity and hypercholesterolemia are major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma. This study found that obesity leads to hepatic cholesterol accumulation, which suppresses natural killer T (NKT) cell-mediated antitumor immunosurveillance. By lowering cholesterol and inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis, the function of NKT cells can be restored to prevent HCC development promoted by obesity.

CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Efficacy of laparoscopic gastric bypassvslaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in treating obesity combined with type-2 diabetes

Y. Yan et al.

Summary: In this prospective study, both laparoscopic gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were found to improve BMI and diabetic conditions in overweight/obese diabetic patients, with the latter having a shorter surgical time and less blood loss.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass vs Sleeve Gastrectomy for Remission of Type 2 Diabetes

Marco Castellana et al.

Summary: This study compared the efficacy of RYGB and SG for T2D remission and found that RYGB had a higher chance of achieving remission at 1 year compared to SG, while only showing a significant difference in achieving broad criteria for remission at 5 years. No other differences were found between the two procedures.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

A hypocaloric diet rich in high fiber rye foods causes greater reduction in body weight and body fat than a diet rich in refined wheat: A parallel randomized controlled trial in adults with overweight and obesity (the RyeWeight study)

Kia Nohr Iversen et al.

Summary: Consuming high fiber rye products as part of a hypocaloric diet for 12 weeks led to greater weight loss, body fat reduction, and decrease in C-reactive protein compared to refined wheat products. However, no consistent differences were found between the two groups in terms of subjective appetite and other cardiometabolic risk markers.

CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity

Tatsuo Kawai et al.

Summary: Chronic low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue is linked to metabolic disease and organ complications, mainly caused by the secretion of inflammatory substances by adipocytes and infiltration of immune cells. Despite being low-grade, this inflammation negatively impacts remote organ function and is considered a causative factor of obesity-related complications.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in Obesity-Related Inflammation

Gaetan Ravaut et al.

Summary: This article discusses the link between obesity and chronic inflammation, highlighting the impact of different fatty acid classes on inflammation in a metabolic context. Research suggests that MUFAs play a crucial role in modulating SFA-induced chronic inflammation.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo as an Adjunct to Intensive Behavioral Therapy on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity The STEP 3 Randomized Clinical Trial

Thomas A. Wadden et al.

Summary: This study compared the effects of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide with placebo as an adjunct to intensive behavioral therapy and initial low-calorie diet for weight management in adults with overweight or obesity. The results showed that semaglutide led to significantly greater weight loss compared to placebo over 68 weeks, with a higher proportion of participants achieving weight loss goals. More research is needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of this treatment.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Semaglutide 2.4 mg once a week in adults with overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes (STEP 2): a randomised, doubleblind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Melanie Davies et al.

Summary: In this study, once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg was shown to achieve a significantly greater and clinically meaningful weight reduction compared to placebo in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. Adverse events, particularly gastrointestinal events, were more common with semaglutide compared to placebo.

LANCET (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity

John P. H. Wilding et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that for individuals with obesity, once-weekly use of 2.4 mg semaglutide in combination with lifestyle intervention can lead to sustained and clinically relevant weight loss, with significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors and physical functioning reported by participants.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Exercise training improves mitochondrial respiration and is associated with an altered intramuscular phospholipid signature in women with obesity

Amy E. Mendham et al.

Summary: The study found that improved mitochondrial respiration and content following aerobic and resistance training in women with obesity were not directly related to increased insulin sensitivity. Exercise training altered specific intramuscular lipid intermediates, associated with content-driven increases in mitochondrial respiration but not whole-body insulin sensitivity.

DIABETOLOGIA (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

miR-21 mimic blocks obesity in mice: A novel therapeutic option

Said Lhamyani et al.

Summary: The study found higher levels of miR-21 in WAT of non-diabetic obese individuals and mice and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, miR-21 mimic affected genes involved in WAT functionality regulation and significantly increased genes related to browning and thermogenesis. In vivo treatment with miR-21 mimic blocked weight gain induced by high-fat diet in obese mice, associated with metabolic enhancement, WAT browning, and brown AT thermogenic programming through specific signaling pathways.

MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Disease: Causing Factors, Molecular Links, and Treatment Options

Chunye Zhang et al.

Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, with its development and progression closely linked to factors such as NAFLD. Chronic metabolic disease factors like obesity, T2DM, and cardiovascular diseases play a significant role in the development and progression of HCC. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in these factors could lead to potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effect of Continued Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo on Weight Loss Maintenance in Adults With Overweight or Obesity The STEP 4 Randomized Clinical Trial

Domenica Rubino et al.

Summary: Continuing treatment with semaglutide resulted in greater weight loss maintenance and improvement in other physical indicators compared to switching to placebo over a 48-week period in adults with overweight or obesity. The study also found that gastrointestinal events were more common with continued semaglutide, but discontinuation rates were similar between the two groups.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Adipose-Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mediate PD-L1 Overexpression in the White Adipose Tissue of Obese Individuals, Resulting in T Cell Dysfunction

Assia Eljaafari et al.

Summary: The study revealed that PD-L1 is overexpressed in the adipose tissue of obese individuals, leading to T cell dysfunction and notably reduced cytolytic activity. PD-L1 plays a role in T cell dysfunction mediated by obese ASC.

CELLS (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

MiR-126, IL-7, CXCR1/2 receptors, inflammation and circulating endothelial progenitor cells: The study on targets for treatment pathways in a model of subclinical cardiovascular disease (type 1 diabetes mellitus)

David J. Coulson et al.

Summary: A study on 29 well-controlled T1DM patients found that they exhibited an inflammatory state characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as increased receptor CXCR1/2 and miR-126-5p. Upregulation of miR-126-5p may represent a compensatory response. The results suggest that pro-miR-126-5p therapies or anti-IL-7 therapies could be a new option to reduce inflammation and CVD risk in T1DM.

JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Healthy Weight Loss Maintenance with Exercise, Liraglutide, or Both Combined

Julie R. Lundgren et al.

Summary: A strategy combining exercise and liraglutide therapy improved healthy weight loss maintenance more than either treatment alone. The combination strategy led to greater weight loss and improvements in metabolic health-related indicators.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Direct Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Roxanne L. Massoumi et al.

Summary: The study confirmed the expression of the LPS receptor in PDAC cells and found that LPS induced differential gene expression in AsPC-1 and PANC-1 cells, primarily through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The results suggest that LPS can directly induce gene expression differences in PDAC cells.

PANCREAS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SIRT1 promotes lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes and coordinates adipogenesis by targeting key enzymatic pathways

Yasser Majeed et al.

Summary: SIRT1 plays a key role in promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in adipocytes, as well as regulating the expression of molecules like leptin and adiponectin. Additionally, SIRT1 is involved in the signaling pathways of SREBF1c and PPAR alpha in adipocytes.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

A Low-Fat Diet Combined with Moderate-Intensity Aerobic Exercise is More Effective than a Low-Fat Diet or Aerobic Exercise Alone on Dyslipi-demia and Depression Status in Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Walid Kamal Abdelbasset et al.

Summary: The study showed that simultaneous use of a low-fat diet and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training can significantly improve dyslipidemia and reduce depression symptoms in obese patients.

ENDOCRINE METABOLIC & IMMUNE DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cholesterol Accumulation as a Driver of Hepatic Inflammation Under Translational Dietary Conditions Can Be Attenuated by a Multicomponent Medicine

Andrea M. Mueller et al.

Summary: The multicomponent medicine HC-24 reduces accumulation of free cholesterol and has molecular and cellular anti-inflammatory effects in the liver, providing a potential treatment option for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Relationship between Innate Immune Response Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4) and the Pathophysiological Process of Obesity Cardiomyopathy

Pedro Henrique Rizzi Alves et al.

Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of obesity-related cardiomyopathy and found that activation of TLR-4 receptor in obesity may lead to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction.

ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Hepatic miR-144 Drives Fumarase Activity Preventing NRF2 Activation During Obesity

Valerio Azzimato et al.

Summary: This study reveals a novel mechanism by which miR-144 inhibits NRF2 activity through the consumption of fumarate by activation of FH. By activating fumarate hydratase in the TCA cycle, hepatic miR-144 triggers an impaired antioxidant response in obesity.

GASTROENTEROLOGY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Current Options and Future Directions for NAFLD and NASH Treatment

Chunye Zhang et al.

Summary: NAFLD is a common chronic liver disease with a range of severity from simple steatosis to NASH. Reprogramming antidiabetic and anti-obesity drugs is a major treatment option, targeting hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and cell death. There is ongoing clinical trials to evaluate various drugs for the treatment of NAFLD, NASH, and liver fibrosis.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Liver-related Mortality is Increased in Lean Subjects with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Compared to Overweight and Obese Subjects

Alexandra Feldman et al.

Summary: Lean subjects with NAFLD have distinctive clinical features compared to obese individuals, with a higher risk of liver-related death and increased fibrosis. Clinical follow-up for lean NAFLD subjects is essential for early detection and management of liver-related complications.

JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES (2021)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Atractylodes chinensis Water Extract Ameliorates Obesity via Promotion of the SIRT1/AMPK Expression in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Yea-Jin Park et al.

Summary: This study demonstrated that Atractylodes chinensis can effectively reduce weight gain and adipose tissue expansion, attenuate adipogenic and enhance fatty acid oxidation in obese mice, while significantly upregulating the expression levels of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1).

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Review Oncology

The Emerging Factors and Treatment Options for NAFLD-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Chunye Zhang et al.

Summary: NAFLD is closely associated with the development of HCC, and early diagnosis and targeted treatment of key molecules are beneficial for preventing the progression of liver cancer.

CANCERS (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa 1 Epidemiology, risk factors, social determinants of health, and current management for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in sub-Saharan Africa

C. Wendy Spearman et al.

Summary: NAFLD is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with an estimated 25% of the global population affected. Despite scarce data on NAFLD in Africa, the estimated prevalence of 13.5% in the general population may be a conservative estimate considering the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases.

LANCET GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Effectiveness of Combining Antiobesity Medication With an Employer-Based Weight Management Program for Treatment of Obesity A Randomized Clinical Trial

Kevin M. Pantalone et al.

Summary: This study conducted at the Cleveland Clinic's Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute suggests that combining AOMs with employer-based weight management programs can result in significantly greater weight loss, higher treatment adherence, and better work productivity compared to the weight management program alone.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Mucin degrader Akkermansia muciniphila accelerates intestinal stem cell-mediated epithelial development

Seungil Kim et al.

Summary: Mucin-degrading bacteria, such as A. muciniphila, can promote the proliferation of intestinal stem cells and differentiation of specific cell types in the small intestine and colon. Additionally, treatment with A. muciniphila leads to higher levels of acetic and propionic acids in the cecal contents of mice. Furthermore, pre-treatment with A. muciniphila can reduce gut damage caused by radiation and methotrexate, suggesting a potential role in intestinal homeostasis maintenance.

GUT MICROBES (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Therapeutic inhibition of miR-802 protects against obesity through AMPK-mediated regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism

Yangyue Ni et al.

Summary: The study revealed the association between decreased miR-802 and impaired lipid metabolism in Schistosoma japonicum infected mice. Decreased miR-802 promoted the activation of the AMPK pathway, leading to reduced hepatic lipogenesis. Schistosome-derived soluble egg antigens interacted with CD36 on hepatocytes to inhibit miR-802 and attenuate lipogenesis.

THERANOSTICS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Intermittent fasting benefits on alpha- and beta-cell arrangement in diet-induced obese mice pancreatic islet

Thatiany de Souza Marinho et al.

JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Abrogation of Toll-Like Receptor 4 Mitigates Obesity-Induced Oxidative Stress, Proinflammation, and Insulin Resistance Through Metabolic Reprogramming of Mitochondria in Adipose Tissue

Hung-Yu Lin et al.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING (2020)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Toll-like receptor 9 regulates metabolic profile and contributes to obesity-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in mice

Fabiano B. Calmasini et al.

PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Are there really any predictive factors for a successful weight loss after bariatric surgery?

Diego Cadena-Obando et al.

BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS (2020)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Effects of Synbiotic Supplement on Human Gut Microbiota, Body Composition and Weight Loss in Obesity

Igor N. Sergeev et al.

NUTRIENTS (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pancreatic β cell microRNA-26a alleviates type 2 diabetes by improving peripheral insulin sensitivity and preserving β cell function

Haixia Xu et al.

PLOS BIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Microbiology

Function of Akkermansia muciniphila in Obesity: Interactions With Lipid Metabolism, Immune Response and Gut Systems

Yu Xu et al.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2020)

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Review Physiology

Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation Linking Obesity to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes

Federica Zatterale et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Surgery

Sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Two-year results from a Swedish multicenter randomized controlled trial

Ville Wallenius et al.

SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fecal microbiota transplantation for the improvement of metabolism in obesity: The FMT-TRIM double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial

Elaine W. Yu et al.

PLOS MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Liraglutide for Adolescents with Obesity

Aaron S. Kelly et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

SIRT1 Activation by Equisetum arvense L. (Horsetail) Modulates Insulin Sensitivity in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Csaba Hegedus et al.

MOLECULES (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Prospective study of gut hormone and metabolic changes after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Rachel Arakawa et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Gut Microbiota-Mediated Inflammation and Gut Permeability in Patients with Obesity and Colorectal Cancer

Lidia Sanchez-Alcoholado et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

OBINTER: A Holistic Approach to Catalyse the Self-Management of Chronic Obesity

Roberto Alvarez et al.

SENSORS (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Decreased miR-150 in obesity-associated type 2 diabetic mice increases intraocular inflammation and exacerbates retinal dysfunction

Fei Yu et al.

BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Sex difference in the association of obesity with personal or social background among urban residents in Japan

Shun-ichiro Asahara et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Surgery

Medications Available for Weight Reduction in Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty

Derek F. Amanatullah et al.

JBJS REVIEWS (2020)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Akkermansia muciniphila ameliorates the age-related decline in colonic mucus thickness and attenuates immune activation in accelerated aging Ercc1-/7 mice

Benthe van der Lugt et al.

IMMUNITY & AGEING (2019)

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Article Surgery

Comparison of early type 2 diabetes improvement after gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: medication cessation at discharge predicts 1-year outcomes

Keyvan Heshmati et al.

SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Combined GLP-1, Oxyntomodulin, and Peptide YY Improves Body Weight and Glycemia in Obesity and Prediabetes/Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Single-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study

Preeshila Behary et al.

DIABETES CARE (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study

Clara Depommier et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Overeating Saturated Fat Promotes Fatty Liver and Ceramides Compared With Polyunsaturated Fat: A Randomized Trial

Fredrik Rosqvist et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Personalized nutrition: pretreatment glucose metabolism determines individual long-term weight loss responsiveness in individuals with obesity on low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diet

Mads F. Hjorth et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Niacin induces miR-502-3p expression which impairs insulin sensitivity in human adipocytes

Emilie Montastier et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY (2019)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Pharmacotherapy of obesity: Available medications and drugs under investigation

Eleni Pilitsi et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Projected US State-Level Prevalence of Adult Obesity and Severe Obesity

Zachary J. Ward et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials

M. Dinu et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2018)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Differences in Obesity Prevalence by Demographic Characteristics and Urbanization Level Among Adults in the United States, 2013-2016

Craig M. Hales et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2018)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Modeling NAFLD disease burden in China, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States for the period 2016-2030

Chris Estes et al.

JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY (2018)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Exenatide has a pronounced effect on energy intake but not energy expenditure in non-diabetic subjects with obesity: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Alessio Basolo et al.

METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL (2018)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Loss-of-function variants in ADCY3 increase risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes

Niels Grarup et al.

NATURE GENETICS (2018)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Loss-of-function mutations in ADCY3 cause monogenic severe obesity

Sadia Saeed et al.

NATURE GENETICS (2018)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

New ADCY3 Variants Dance in Obesity Etiology

Yan Tian et al.

TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM (2018)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Emerging Role of Adipocytokines in Type 2 Diabetes as Mediators of Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Disease

Ravindran Jaganathan et al.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

PD-1 Is Involved in the Dysregulation of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in a Murine Model of Obesity

Guillaume Oldenhove et al.

CELL REPORTS (2018)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Effects of exercise on obesity-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle

Jun-Won Heo et al.

KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY (2017)

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Review Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Recent advancements in bariatric/metabolic surgery

Wei-Jei Lee et al.

ANNALS OF GASTROENTEROLOGICAL SURGERY (2017)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Pretreatment fasting plasma glucose and insulin modify dietary weight loss success: results from 3 randomized clinical trials

Mads F. Hjorth et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION (2017)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Obesity and inflammation: the linking mechanism and the complications

Mohammed S. Ellulu et al.

ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (2017)

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Article Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Metabolically Healthy Obesity and the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Yoosoo Chang et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY (2016)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Microbiota and the nitrogen cycle: Implications in the development and progression of CVD and CKD

David Briskey et al.

NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Tumor Necrosis Factor-A, Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein Levels and Insulin Resistance Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Abdominal Obesity Women

Surapon Tangvarasittichai et al.

INDIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY (2016)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The Mediterranean Diet, its Components, and Cardiovascular Disease

R. Jay Widmer et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2015)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

The effect of prebiotic supplementation with inulin on cardiometabolic health: Rationale, design, and methods of a controlled feeding efficacy trial in adults at risk of type 2 diabetes

Cassie M. Mitchell et al.

CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS (2015)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

High Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Plasma Aminotransferase Levels

Paola Portillo-Sanchez et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2015)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Dietary carbohydrate restriction as the first approach in diabetes management: Critical review and evidence base

Richard D. Feinman et al.

NUTRITION (2015)

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Article Surgery

Effect of sleeve gastrectomy on type 2 diabetes as an alternative treatment modality to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: systemic review and meta-analysis

Jun-Min Cho et al.

SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES (2015)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

β-cell dysfunction: Its critical role in prevention and management of type 2 diabetes

Yoshifumi Saisho

WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES (2015)

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Article Peripheral Vascular Disease

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity-Associated Hypertension in the Racial Ethnic Minorities of the United States

Bonita Falkner et al.

CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS (2014)

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Review Immunology

Toll-like receptor signaling pathways

Takumi Kawasaki et al.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Gut Microbiota, Intestinal Permeability, Obesity-Induced Inflammation, and Liver Injury

Thomas H. Frazier et al.

JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION (2011)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Barriers to obesity treatment

Marina Mauro et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2008)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes

CM Steppan et al.

NATURE (2001)

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