Magnetic Sublevel Independent Magic and Tune-Out Wavelengths of the Alkaline-Earth Ions

Light shift in a state due to the applied laser in an atomic system vanishes at tune-out wavelengths (lambda(T)s). Similarly, differential light shift in a transition vanishes at the magic wavelengths (lambda(ma)(gic)s). In many of the earlier studies, values of the electric dipole (E1) matrix elements were inferred precisely by combining measurements and calculations of lambda(magic). Similarly, the lambda T values of an atomic state can be used to infer the E1 matrix element, as it involves dynamic electric dipole (alpha) values of only one state whereas the lambda(ma)(gic) values require evaluation of alpha values for two states. However, both the lambda(magic) and lambda(T) values depend on angular momenta and their magnetic components (M) of states. Here, we report the lambda(ma)(gic) and lambda(T) values of many S-1/2 and D(3/2,5/2 )states, and transitions among these states of the Mg+, Ca+, Sr+ and Ba+ ions that are independent of M values. It is possible to infer a large number of E1 matrix elements of the above ions accurately by measuring these values and combining with our calculations.

Automated summary

This article highlights the phenomenon of slight changes in state in an atomic system due to applied laser, which vanish at specific tune-out wavelengths. It discusses the inference of E1 matrix elements based on measurements and calculations of different wavelengths, and emphasizes the importance of angular momenta and magnetic components in determining these values.