Journal
EPIGENOMES
Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes6030026
Keywords
DNA damage; homologous recombination; gametogenesis; meiosis; R-loops; spermatogenesis
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Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI [21K15005]
- Nakatani Foundation
- ERATO/Japan Science and Technology Agency [JPMJER1901]
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Meiosis is a specialized cell division that produces unique gametes through homologous recombination. Recent studies have shown that R-loops play a crucial role in transcription and genome integrity during meiosis. However, our understanding of the function of R-loops in meiosis is limited.
Meiosis is specialized cell division during gametogenesis that produces genetically unique gametes via homologous recombination. Meiotic homologous recombination entails repairing programmed 200-300 DNA double-strand breaks generated during the early prophase. To avoid interference between meiotic gene transcription and homologous recombination, mammalian meiosis is thought to employ a strategy of exclusively transcribing meiotic or post-meiotic genes before their use. Recent studies have shown that R-loops, three-stranded DNA/RNA hybrid nucleotide structures formed during transcription, play a crucial role in transcription and genome integrity. Although our knowledge about the function of R-loops during meiosis is limited, recent findings in mouse models have suggested that they play crucial roles in meiosis. Given that defective formation of an R-loop can cause abnormal transcription and transcription-coupled DNA damage, the precise regulatory network of R-loops may be essential in vivo for the faithful progression of mammalian meiosis and gametogenesis.
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