Immune disguise: the mechanisms of Neu5Gc inducing autoimmune and transplant rejection

Organ (stem cell) transplantation is the most effective treatment for advanced organ failure. Neu5Gc (N-hydroxyacetylneuraminic acid) is a pathogenic non-human sialic acid, which is very similar to the molecular structure of Neu5Ac (N-acetylneuraminic acid) in human body. Neu5Gc has the function of immune disguise, which is the main obstacle to transplantation. Gene knockout such as cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminidase (CMAH) reduces donor antigenicity, making xenotransplantation from fiction to reality. Exploring the immune disguise event in this emerging field has become a hot topic in the research of transplantation immune tolerance mechanism.

Automated summary

Organ (stem cell) transplantation is the most effective treatment for advanced organ failure. Neu5Gc, a pathogenic non-human sialic acid, hinders transplantation due to its immune disguise function. Gene knockout, such as CMAH, reduces donor antigenicity and enables xenotransplantation. Understanding immune disguise events is crucial for studying the mechanism of transplantation immune tolerance.