Evidence gaps and diversity among potential win-win solutions for conservation and human infectious disease control

As sustainable development practitioners have worked to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all and conserve life on land and below water, what progress has been made with win-win interventions that reduce human infectious disease burdens while advancing conservation goals? Using a systematic literature review, we identified 46 proposed solutions, which we then investigated individually using targeted literature reviews. The proposed solutions addressed diverse conservation threats and human infectious diseases, and thus, the proposed interventions varied in scale, costs, and impacts. Some potential solutions had medium-quality to high-quality evidence for previous success in achieving proposed impacts in one or both sectors. However, there were notable evidence gaps within and among solutions, highlighting opportunities for further research and adaptive implementation. Stakeholders seeking win-win interventions can explore this Review and an online database to find and tailor a relevant solution or brainstorm new solutions.

Automated summary

This article discusses the win-win interventions in both nature conservation and reducing disease burdens, and investigates 46 proposed solutions through literature review. The research finds that some solutions have previous success in achieving proposed impacts, but there are also evidence gaps. The study provides feasible solutions or innovative ideas for stakeholders seeking win-win interventions.