Journal
METALS
Volume 6, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/met6120317
Keywords
magnetic anisotropy; reversibility domain region; induced magnetic field; non-destructive test; plain-carbon steel; SAE 1045
Funding
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), in Brazil at Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), in Portugal [BEX 2634/15-5]
- Federal Institution of Paraiba (IFPB) in Brazil
- CNPq [470501/2013-8, 301928/2014-2]
- SciTech-Science and Technology for Competitive and Sustainable Industries [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000022-]
- Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (NORTE) through Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER)
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Conventional manufacturing processes cause plastic deformation that leads to magnetic anisotropy in processed materials. A deeper understanding of materials characterization under rotational magnetization enables engineers to optimize the overall volume, mass, and performance of devices such as electrical machines in industry. Therefore, it is important to find the magnetic easy direction of the magnetic domains in a simple and straightforward manner. The Magnetic easy direction can be obtained through destructive tests such as the Epstein frame method and the Single Sheet Tester by taking measurements in regions of irreversible magnetization usually called domains. In the present work, samples of rolled SAE 1045 steel (formed by perlite and ferrite microstructures) were submitted to induced magnetic fields in the reversibility region of magnetic domains to detect the magnetic easy direction. The magnetic fields were applied to circular samples with different thicknesses and angles varying from 0 degrees to 360 degrees with steps of 45 degrees. A square sample with a fixed thickness was also tested. The results showed that the proposed non-destructive approach is promising to evaluate the magnetic anisotropy in steels independently of the geometry of the sample. The region studied presented low induction losses and was affected by magnetic anisotropy, which did not occur in other works that only took into account regions of high induction losses.
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