Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 17, Issue -, Pages 4699-4719Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
Keywords
exosomes; ventricular remodeling; extracellular vesicles; heart failure; microRNAs; myocardial infarction
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This article summarizes the pathological mechanisms of ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction and the role of exosomes in these processes, with a focus on the importance of exosomal cargos such as proteins and ncRNAs. It also highlights the potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in this field.
Exosomes are a pluripotent group of extracellular nanovesicles secreted by all cells that mediate intercellular communications. The effective information within exosomes is primarily reflected in exosomal cargos, including proteins, lipids, DNAs, and non -coding RNAs (ncRNAs), the most intensively studied molecules. Cardiac resident cells (cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells) and foreign cells (infiltrated immune cells, cardiac progenitor cells, cardiosphere-derived cells, and mesenchymal stem cells) are involved in the progress of ventricular remodeling (VR) following myocardial infarction (MI) via transferring exosomes into target cells. Here, we summarize the pathological mechanisms of VR following MI, including cardiac myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, and metabolic disorders, and the roles of exosomal cargos in these processes, with a focus on proteins and ncRNAs. Continued research in this field reveals a novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for VR.
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