3.8 Article

Cognitive Reserve Mediates the Relation between Neighborhood Socio-Economic Position and Cognitive Decline

Journal

Publisher

KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000521905

Keywords

Cognitive decline; Cognitive reserve; Activity engagement; Neighborhood socio-economic position; Old age; Longitudinal study

Funding

  1. Swiss National Science Foundation [10001C_189407]
  2. LARSyS - Portuguese national funding agency for science, research and technology (FCT) Pluriannual funding 2020-2023 [UIDB/50009/2020]
  3. Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming vulnerability: Life course perspectives - Swiss National Science Foundation [51NF40-185901]

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This study found that 42.5% of the relationship between higher neighborhood socio-economic position and smaller cognitive decline was mediated through a higher frequency of leisure activities in the first wave.
Introduction: We investigated the mediating role of leisure activity engagement as marker of cognitive reserve in the relation between neighborhood socio-economic position (SEP) and cognitive decline over 6 years. Methods: The study analyzed longitudinal data from 897 older adults who participated in the two waves (2011 and 2017) of the Vivre-Leben-Vivere (VLV) survey in Switzerland (M = 74.33 years in the first wave). Trail Making Test parts A and B were administered in both waves. Leisure activity engagement was assessed during interviews. Neighborhood SEP was derived from the Swiss Neighborhood Index of Socio-Economic Position (Swiss-SEP), provided by the Swiss National Cohort (SNC). Results: Latent change score modeling revealed that 42.5% of the relationship between higher neighborhood SEP and smaller cognitive decline was mediated via a higher frequency of leisure activities in the first wave. Conclusion: Neighborhood SEP constitutes an important contextual factor potentially influencing the pathways of cognitive reserve accumulation and, therefore, should be taken into account to better understand their effects on cognitive decline in old age.

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