Journal
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
Volume 8, Issue 9, Pages E901-E917Publisher
AME PUBL CO
DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.09.23
Keywords
Cognitive impairment; chronic kidney disease (CKD); cancer; sleep apnea; continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Categories
Funding
- Wellcome Trust [103952/Z/14/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [103952/Z/14/Z] Funding Source: researchfish
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes daytime fatigue and sleepiness, and has an established relationship with cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Recent years have seen the emergence of an evidence base linking OSA with an increased risk of degenerative neurological disease and associated cognitive impairment, an accelerated rate of decline in kidney function with an increased risk of clinically significant chronic kidney disease (CKD), and with a significantly higher rate of cancer incidence and death. This review evaluates the evidence base linking OSA with these seemingly unrelated co-morbidities, and explores potential mechanistic links underpinning their development in patients with OSA, including intermittent hypoxia (IH), sleep fragmentation, sympathetic excitation, and immune dysregulation.
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