Journal
THERANOSTICS
Volume 12, Issue 16, Pages 7108-7131Publisher
IVYSPRING INT PUBL
DOI: 10.7150/thno.74820
Keywords
near-infrared photoimmunotherapy; IRdye 700DX; target-specific photosensitizer conjugate; cancer-treatment; noncancerous diseases
Categories
Funding
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
- 1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
- Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
- [2020M673257]
- [ZYJC21036]
- [2022NSFSC1414]
- [Z20201014]
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NIR-PIT is a newly developed cancer treatment modality that targets tumors using a specific photosensitizer conjugate activated by NIR light. This treatment can induce immunogenic cell death and activate the adaptive immune response, as well as enhance drug delivery into tumors.
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment modality based on a target-specific photosensitizer conjugate (TSPC) composed of an NIR phthalocyanine photosensitizer and an antigen-specific recognition system. NIR-PIT has predominantly been used for targeted therapy of tumors via local irradiation with NIR light, following binding of TSPC to antigen-expressing cells. Physical stress-induced membrane damage is thought to be a major mechanism underlying NIR-PIT-triggered photokilling. Notably, NIR-PIT can rapidly induce immunogenic cell death and activate the adaptive immune response, thereby enabling its combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, NIR-PIT-triggered super-enhanced permeability and retention effects can enhance drug delivery into tumors. Supported by its potential efficacy and safety, NIR-PIT is a rapidly developing therapeutic option for various cancers. Hence, this review seeks to provide an update on the (i) broad range of target molecules suitable for NIR-PIT, (ii) various types of receptor-selective ligands for designing the TSPC magic bullet, (iii) NIR light parameters, and (iv) strategies for enhancing the efficacy of NIR-PIT. Moreover, we review the potential application of NIR-PIT, including the specific design and efficacy in 19 different cancer types, and its clinical studies. Finally, we summarize possible NIR-PIT applications in noncancerous conditions, including infection, pain, itching, metabolic disease, autoimmune disease, and tissue engineering.
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