Maximum size of black holes in our accelerating Universe

In accordance with current models of the accelerating Universe as a spacetime with a positive cosmological constant, new results about a cosmological upper bound for the area of stable marginally outer trapped surfaces are found taking into account angular momentum, gravitational waves, and matter. Compared to previous results which take into account only some of the aforementioned variables, the bound is found to be tighter, giving a concrete limit to the size of black holes especially relevant in the early Universe.

Automated summary

Based on current models of the accelerating Universe, this study takes into account the variables of angular momentum, gravitational waves, and matter and finds an upper bound for the area of stable marginally outer trapped surfaces. Compared to previous studies, which consider only some of these variables, the bound is tighter and provides a concrete limit on the size of black holes, particularly relevant in the early Universe.