Journal
CHEMICAL SCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue 46, Pages 13803-13814Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04982a
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Funding
- Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-18-2-0035]
- National Science Foundation [DMR-2003534]
- Welch Foundation [AT-2030-20200401, AT-1989-20190330]
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This study introduces a method to achieve controlled delivery of protein, DNA, and RNA drugs by encapsulating them in ZIF-8, allowing for burst or slow release. The release profiles of these biomolecules can be modulated through judicious selection of carrier gases in the MOF-Jet.
The efficacy and specificity of protein, DNA, and RNA-based drugs make them popular in the clinic; however, these drugs are often delivered via injection, requiring skilled medical personnel, and producing biohazardous waste. Here, we report an approach that allows for their controlled delivery, affording either a burst or slow release without altering the formulation. We show that when encapsulated within zeolitic-imidazolate framework eight (ZIF-8), the biomolecules are stable in powder formulations and can be inoculated with a low-cost, gas-powered MOF-Jet into living animal and plant tissues. Additionally, their release profiles can be modulated through judicious selection of the carrier gas used in the MOF-Jet. Our in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that when CO2 is used, it creates a transient and weakly acidic local environment that causes a near-instantaneous release of the biomolecules through an immediate dissolution of ZIF-8. Conversely, when air is used, ZIF-8 biodegrades slowly, releasing the biomolecules over a week. This is the first example of controlled-biolistic delivery of biomolecules using ZIF-8, which provides a powerful tool for fundamental and applied science research.
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