Anisotropic pressure of magnetized quark matter with anomalous magnetic moment

We investigate magnetic field (eB) dependence of constituent quark mass, the longitudinal and transverse pressure as well as the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of strongly interacting quark matter. We employ the two-flavor Polyakov Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with the inclusion of the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of the quarks at finite temperature (T) and finite quark chemical potential (mu q) capturing different stages of chiral phase transition. We find that the transverse pressure, magnetization, and magnetic susceptibility become highly oscillatory for large values of eB in the chiral symmetry broken phase. However, the oscillations cease to occur at higher values of T and mu q when chiral symmetry is (partially) restored and the anisotropic nature of the pressure becomes significant even at smaller values of eB. As the inclusion of AMM of the quarks leads to inverse magnetic catalysis of the transition temperature, we observe that the variations of transverse pressure, magnetization, and magnetic susceptibility are significantly modified in the vicinity of the chiral transition temperature. Furthermore, above the chiral transition temperature the magnetic susceptibility is found to remain positive for a wide range of eB, indicating a paramagnetic character of the strongly interacting quark matter. Finally, we have also examined the magnetism of strongly interacting matter in the quarkyonic phase. The obtained results could be useful for a magnetohydrodynamic evolution of hot and dense matter created in heavy-ion collisions.

Automated summary

This study investigates the dependence of the constituent quark mass, pressure, magnetization, and magnetic susceptibility of strongly interacting quark matter on the magnetic field. It is found that these properties exhibit highly oscillatory behavior in the broken phase of chiral symmetry. However, the oscillations cease to occur when chiral symmetry is (partially) restored. The inclusion of the anomalous magnetic moment of the quarks modifies the variations of these properties near the chiral transition temperature. The magnetic susceptibility remains positive for a wide range of magnetic field values above the chiral transition temperature, indicating a paramagnetic character of the strongly interacting quark matter.