Journal
BMB REPORTS
Volume 55, Issue 10, Pages 473-480Publisher
KOREAN SOCIETY BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.5483/BMBRep.2022.55.10.115
Keywords
Efferocytosis; Granulopoiesis; Immune homeostasis; Neutrophil; Resolution
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning [NRF-2020M3A9D3038435, NRF-2021R1A2C3 011228, NRF-2017R1A5A1014560]
- Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) - Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [HI20C0026]
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Neutrophils, as the most abundant innate immune cells, play crucial roles in the immune response, including detecting pathogens, initiating immune cascades, and regulating adaptive immunity.
Neutrophils, the most abundant innate immune cells, play es-sential roles in the innate immune system. As key innate im-mune cells, neutrophils detect intrusion of pathogens and initiate immune cascades with their functions; swarming (arresting), cyto-kine production, degranulation, phagocytosis, and projection of neutrophil extracellular trap. Because of their short lifespan and consumption during immune response, neutrophils need to be generated consistently, and generation of newborn neutro-phils (granulopoiesis) should fulfill the environmental/systemic demands for training in cases of infection. Accumulating evidence suggests that neutrophils also play important roles in the regu-lation of adaptive immunity. Neutrophil-mediated immune re-sponses end with apoptosis of the cells, and proper phagocy-tosis of the apoptotic body (efferocytosis) is crucial for initial and post resolution by producing tolerogenic innate/adaptive immune cells. However, inflammatory cues can impair these cascades, resulting in systemic immune activation; necrotic/py-roptotic neutrophil bodies can aggravate the excessive inflam-mation, increasing inflammatory macrophage and dendritic cell activation and subsequent TH1/TH17 responses contributing to the regulation of the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. In this review, we briefly introduce recent studies of neutrophil function as players of immune response.
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