Journal
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 28, Issue 10, Pages 1970-1976Publisher
CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION
DOI: 10.3201/eid2810.220396
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This study defined the seasonality of human coronaviruses in the United States by analyzing the data from the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System. The findings showed a regular pattern of season onset, peak, and offset for human coronaviruses in the previous seasons. However, the onset of the 2020-21 season was delayed by 11 weeks, possibly due to the mitigation efforts for COVID-19.
The 4 common types of human coronaviruses (HCoVs)-2 alpha (HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E) and 2 beta (HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43)-generally cause mild upper respiratory illness. Seasonal patterns and an-nual variation in predominant types of HCoVs are known, but parameters of expected seasonality have not been defined. We defined seasonality of HCoVs during July 2014-November 2021 in the United States by using a retrospective method applied to National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System data. In the 6 HCoV seasons before 2020-21, season onsets occurred October 21-November 12, peaks January 6-February 13, and offsets April 18-June 27; most (>93%) HCoV detection was within the defined seasonal onsets and offsets. The 2020-21 HCoV season onset was 11 weeks later than in prior seasons, probably associated with CO-VID-19 mitigation efforts. Better definitions of HCoV sea-sonality can be used for clinical preparedness and for de-termining expected patterns of emerging coronaviruses.
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