4.5 Article

Oral Administration of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis through Induction of Th2/Treg Cells and Suppression of Th1/Th17 Immune Responses

Journal

CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 44, Issue 11, Pages 5728-5740

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cimb44110388

Keywords

Multiple Sclerosis; experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; Immunomodulatory mechanisms

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This study investigated the efficacy of oral administration of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) in the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed that MOG administration, both before and after EAE induction, efficiently controlled EAE development by modulating T cell proliferation and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been widely used to determine the pathogenesis of the disease and evaluate new treatment strategies for MS. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of oral administration of a Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) in the treatment of EAE. Female C57BL/6 mice were utilized in three groups (Control group, received PBS orally; prevention group, oral administration of MOG(35-55) two weeks before EAE induction; treatment group, oral administration of MOG(35-55) after EAE induction). MOG administration, both as prevention and treatment, significantly controlled clinical score, weight loss, CNS inflammation, and demyelination, mainly through the modulation of T cell proliferation, and reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors, including TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-17, T-bet, and ROR-gamma t. MOG administration, both as prevention and treatment, also induced anti-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors, including IL-4, TGF-beta, GATA-3, and Foxp3. The results showed that oral administration of MOG, both as prevention and treatment, could efficiently control EAE development. Immunomodulatory mechanisms include the induction of Th2 and Treg cells and the suppression of pro-inflammatory Th1 and Th17 cells.

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