4.2 Article

Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots from Walnut Shell Waste as Electron Transport Layer Additive for Perovskite Solar Cells

Journal

JOURNAL OF NANO RESEARCH
Volume 76, Issue -, Pages 49-60

Publisher

TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.4028/p-3tw4x3

Keywords

Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots; perovskite solar cell; SnO2; crystallinity; crystal photoelectric conversion efficiency

Funding

  1. Foundation of Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization
  2. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
  3. [201931303]
  4. [2662020LXPY008]

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In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CDs) were synthesized from walnut shell waste and used to modify the electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The N-CDs improved the crystallinity and inhibited the formation of defects in the PVSCs, resulting in improved power conversion efficiency.
The production of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CDs) from walnut shell waste is crucially important for green chemistry and sustainable development. Herein we fabricate N-CDs by a bottom-up solvothermal method and use the novel N-CDs to modify the electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). The N-CDs can produce 440 nm fluorescence under the excitation of 350 nm light with a quantum yield of 8.75%. Infrared absorption spectra show that N -CDs contain high proportions of nitrogen-containing and oxygen-containing functional groups, Through the incorporation of N-CDs into SnO2 ETL, the formation of defects is inhibited, and crystallinity is improved. This is because the N-CDs contains a large number of functional groups such as nitrogen and oxygen and these groups would interact with the ETL and perovskite, which reduce the defect/trap centers in PVSCs. Therefore, the N-CDs modified PVSCs show improved power conversion efficiency. This study provides a novel way to use walnut shell waste to synthesize N-CDs and achieve efficient and stable perovskites solar cells.

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