Journal
CURRENT INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS
Volume 18, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11908-016-0529-6
Keywords
Lung transplantation; Infectious triggers; Allograft; Acute rejection; CLAD; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus
Categories
Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [K23 HL102220] Funding Source: Medline
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Survival after lung transplantation is limited in large part due to the high incidence of chronic rejection, known as chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Pulmonary infections are a frequent complication in lung transplant recipients, due both to immunosuppressive medications and constant exposure of the lung allograft to the external environment via the airways. Infection is a recognized risk factor for the development of CLAD, and both acute infection and chronic lung allograft colonization with microorganisms increase the risk for CLAD. Acute infection by community acquired respiratory viruses, and the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are increasingly recognized as important risk factors for CLAD. Colonization by the fungus Aspergillus may also augment the risk of CLAD. Fostering this transition from healthy lung to CLAD in each of these infectious episodes is the persistence of an inflammatory lung allograft environment.
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