Toward three-dimensional nucleon structures at the Electron-Ion Collider in China: A study of the Sivers function

Transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) provide three-dimensional imaging of the nucleon in momentum space. With its fundamental importance in understanding the spin structure of the nucleon, the precise measurement of TMDs is considered one of the main physics topics of the proposed Electron-Ion Collider in China (EicC). In this paper, we investigate the impact of future semiinclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) data from EicC on the extraction of TMDs. Taking the Sivers function as an example, we revisited the world SIDIS data, which serves as the input for the simulated EicC data. By performing a combined analysis of the world data and the EicC simulated data, we quantitatively demonstrate that the Sivers functions can be precisely determined for various quark flavors, especially for sea quarks, in the region, x > 0.005, directly covered by the EicC.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the impact of future SIDIS data from EicC on the extraction of TMDs, using the Sivers function as an example. By performing a combined analysis of world data and EicC simulated data, it quantitatively demonstrates that Sivers functions can be precisely determined for various quark flavors, especially sea quarks, in the region directly covered by EicC, with x > 0.005.