Perovskite as a Cathode Material: A Review of its Role in Solid-Oxide Fuel Cell Technology

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are characterized by low pollution, and are therefore the best alternative both for distributed energy sources and large-scale integration. Fuel flexibility, including hydrocarbons, is the main advantage of SOFCs. For the successful introduction of SOFC technology to the market, reduced temperature operation at 600-800 degrees C is an essential factor. One of the important issues for the reduced temperature operation is to get rid of stability issues while maintaining a certain level of performance. Therefore, the development of alternative materials such as perovskite cathodes is essential to create not only practically acceptable performance, but also to ensure the highly reliable and stable operation of the resulting SOFCs. This review provides a critical and comprehensive survey on the perovskite materials for SOFC cathodes and suggests effective and stable alternatives for the realiable operation of SOFCs.