Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Derived Oxygen-Rich Porous Carbon Anodes for High-Performance Lithium/Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), which contains large amounts of carboxymethyl and hydroxy groups, has been used as an oxygen-containing carbon precursor to prepare oxygen-rich porous carbon (OPC) in a silica-template process. CMC can be mixed homogeneously with the silica template because of its excellent water solubility and viscosity, which is one of the key reasons for the successful preparation of OPC. The obtained OPC possesses some micropores, many mesopores with different sizes, a large specific surface area of 1792.6m(2)g(-1), and a high oxygen content of 8.63wt%, and exhibits superb dual functionality as anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries.