Journal
ARCHIVES OF AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE
Volume 63, Issue 8, Pages 1037-1048Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2016.1256474
Keywords
Antioxidative enzymes; heavy metals; lipid peroxidation; plantcross-adaptation; superoxide
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The aim of this study is to investigate the possibilities and the mechanisms of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cross-adaptation to different heavy metals after hardening with ozone (O-3), drought and UV-B radiation. Dry shoot biomass, accumulation of superoxide (O-2(-)) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and activities of enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) were measured after hardening and heavy metal treatments. Seedlings, exposed to ozone and drought prior to copper (Cu) treatment, showed significantly increased tolerance to this heavy metal. The most possible causes of cross-adaptation to this redox-active heavy metal, which triggered very strong oxidative stress in nonhardened barley seedlings, were increased CAT activity, mitigation of O-2(-) accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Cross-adaptation to cadmium (Cd) was induced only by drought hardening. In this case, however, adaptation had lower effect on antioxidative enzymes, did not altered O-2(-) accumulation and even slightly increased the intensity of lipid peroxidation. The study reveals that stimulation of CAT activity and mitigation of oxidative stress are the main reasons for plant adaptation to Cu; whereas cross-adaptation to Cd, heavy metal with much lower oxidative capacity, is determined by the mechanisms that are not related to oxidative stress directly.
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