Journal
NANO ENERGY
Volume 26, Issue -, Pages 233-240Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.05.027
Keywords
Halogen doping; Graphene nanoplatelet; Electrocatalyst; Vanadium redox reaction; Redox flow battery
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Funding
- BK21 Plus - Ministry of Education, Korea [10Z20130011057]
- Korean Government [NRF-2013R1A1A2060695]
- Creative Research Initiative (CRI) from the National Research Foundation of Korea, South Korea (NRF)
- NRF - Ministry of Education [2014H1A2A1020302]
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The catalytic activity of V2+/V3+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox couples on the halogen-doped graphene nanoplatelets (F-, Cl-, and Br-GNPs) is studied by ball-milling graphite flakes with fluorine (F-2), chlorine (Cl-2), and bromine (Br-2) molecules, respectively. Using the edge-selectively halogenated graphene materials with different edge exfoliation degrees, the vanadium redox reactions can be significantly facilitated by having abundant edge defects with large surface area in the order: Br-GNP > Cl-GNP > F-GNP. The influence of halogen functionalization on graphene nanoplatelets towards vanadium redox couples is further confirmed by stack-type vanadium redox flow batteries that demonstrates better cell performance than graphene nanoplatelets without dopant at the edges. Notably, the Br-GNP showed unique electrochemical performance of increased initial charge/discharge capacity and improved rate capability, respectively. It was found that halogen doping on graphene-based materials can promote vanadium redox reactions by creating effective active sites, and the electrocatalytic activity is dependent on edge exfoliation degree and well-preserved basal planes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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