Journal
NANO ENERGY
Volume 21, Issue -, Pages 217-227Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.01.015
Keywords
Energy storage; Bimodal mesostructure carbon; Highly ordered; High-activity and super-stability; Bromine based battery
Categories
Funding
- DICP-ICL collaborate project
- China Natural Science Foundation [21476224, 21406219]
- Outstanding Young Scientist Foundation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KG2D-EW-602-2]
- Dalian Municipal Outstanding Young Talent Foundation [2014J11JH131]
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Bimodal highly ordered mesostructure carbons (BOMCs) with excellent activity to Br-2/Br- were designed and fabricated by an evaporation induced triconstituent co-assembly method. The morphologies of BOMCs were tuned via introducing dual templates: triblock copolymer (F127) and SiO2 nanoparticles, where around 5 nm pores can be induced by hydrogen bond between resole and F127 and the removal of silica could create around 2 nm pores on the 5 nm pore walls. The highly ordered mesostructure can effectively shorten mass transfer distance and reduce mass transfer resistance. Meanwhile the around 2 nm pores on 5 nm pore walls are beneficial to Br-2 adsorption and provide more active sites to Br-2/Br- reaction. As a consequence, the materials demonstrate extremely outstanding performance to Br-2/Br- couple. The zinc bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) using the prepared carbon exhibit a voltage efficiency of 82.9% and an energy efficiency of 80.1% at the current density of 80 mA cm(-2), which is by far the best performance ever reported, confirming the excellent activity of designed materials. The results indicate that the prepared BOMC with bimodal highly ordered mesostructure is a very promising candidate for bromine based batteries systems. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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