Single-molecule junctions for molecular electronics

To gain a fundamental understanding of atomic- and molecular-scale electronic transport phenomena, as well as the practical application of a single-molecule junction for molecular electronics, it is necessary to establish a reliable electronic and structural characterization method for single-molecule junctions. Recent advances in characterization methods make it possible to elucidate the unique electronic functionality of a quasi-one-dimensional conductor for a single-molecule junction. This review presents some of the current methods used to address the electronic and structural details of a single-molecule junction. We discuss the potential applications of single-molecule junctions as molecular switches, diodes, and transistors in single-molecule electronic devices.