Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 4, Issue 48, Pages 18711-18716Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6ta08681k
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21373195, 51622210]
- Recruitment Program of Global Experts
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [WK3430000004]
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology
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Germanium (Ge) has been considered as a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries because of its theoretical capacity (1600 mA h g(-1)). However, its poor electrochemical performances resulting from the large volume variation during Li-Ge alloy/dealloy processes prevent its practical application. Herein, we designed a 3D core/shell structure by encapsulation of Ge in a sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) co-doped three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected macroporous carbon matrix (denoted as Ge@S,N-3DPC). The 3D porous structure can not only buffer the volume change during alloy/dealloy processes, but also facilitate the electrolyte to soak in, offering fast ion/electron pathways. What's more, the co-doping of S and N in carbon could introduce more defects and active sites, which can also help to improve the interfacial adsorption and electrochemical behaviors. When used as an anode material for LIBs, the Ge@S, N-3DPC shows excellent electrochemical performances (1000 mA h g(-1) at 200 mA g(-1)), outstanding cycling stability (94% capacity retention after 300 cycles) and high rate capability (358 mA h g(-1) at 10 A g(-1)). This work develops a general strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of these alloy-type electrode materials with huge volume change in the energy storage area.
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