Journal
GLOBAL BUSINESS REVIEW
Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 550-562Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0972150920917773
Keywords
Board independence; corporate governance; corporate social responsibility; firm performance; Malaysia
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This article investigates the joint impact of corporate governance mechanisms and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practice on firm performance, as well as the moderating role of board independence. The findings suggest that return on assets (ROA) is a better determinant of firm performance than Tobin's Q. Ownership concentration, managerial ownership, and money spent on CSR negatively affect ROA, but have an insignificant relationship with Tobin's Q. Additionally, board independence negatively moderates the relationship between governance-CSR and firm performance.
This article serves two purposes. First, it attempts to examine the joint impact of corporate governance mechanisms and corporate social responsibility (CSR) practice on firm performance. Second, the moderating role of board independence is investigated on 588 non-financial Malaysian firms listed on Bursa Malaysia during the period 2006-2017. Both accounting-based return on assets (ROA) and market-based (Tobin's Q) performance measures have been used for measuring performance. Dynamic model using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) has been employed on the data set to control for potential endogeneity, reverse causality and dynamic heterogeneity. Findings indicate that ROA is a better determinant of firm performance than Tobin's Q, where ownership concentration, managerial ownership and money spent on CSR negatively affect ROA; however, an insignificant relationship is observed with Tobin's Q. Finally, board independence negatively moderates governance-CSR and firm performance relationship. Findings of this article have implications for Bursa Malaysia and Securities Commission Malaysia to reset the limit of independent directors on board so that their unnecessary interference in operations of management may be avoided. Furthermore, companies need to reassess their CSR strategies whether they are spending on CSR activities or hiding their financial malfeasance in the name of money spent on CSR.
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