Sexuality, Sports-Related Mistreatment, and US Adults' Sports Involvement

This study employs descriptive and regression analyses of the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 3,993) to examine the patterns and implications of sexual stigma and prejudice in sports contexts by focusing on U.S. adults' reports of sports-related mistreatment and involvement. Results indicate that about 1/3 of adults perceive sports as unwelcoming to LGBT athletes and nearly 40% report experiencing sports-related mistreatment; adults who identify as a sexual minority are particularly likely to perceive sports as unwelcoming and to report personal mistreatment. They are also less likely than self-identified heterosexuals to play, spectate, and talk about sports; sports-related mistreatment and childhood sports histories do not explain these patterns. Overall, the findings suggest that more action is needed to offset the presence and influence of sexual stigma and prejudice and to provide more welcoming sports environments for all.

Automated summary

This study examines the patterns and implications of sexual stigma and prejudice in sports contexts using descriptive and regression analyses of the National Sports and Society Survey. The findings indicate that a significant proportion of adults perceive sports as unwelcoming to LGBT athletes and report experiencing sports-related mistreatment. Sexual minority adults are particularly affected and are less involved in sports compared to heterosexual adults. The study highlights the need for more action to combat sexual stigma and prejudice in sports and create inclusive environments.