Parental early-life exposure to land reform and household investment in children's education

We examine the intergenerational relationship between the early-life exposure of parents to China's Household Responsibility System (HRS) reform, which assigned collective-owned farmland to individual households, and investment in their children's education. We find that an increase in the length of exposure of parents to the HRS reform when they were children or adolescents increases the extent to which they invest in their children's education, although there is some evidence of non-linearities with investment peaking at 13-14 years of exposure to the HRS. We find that parental income and wealth, parental human capital and the improvement in public benefits that stem from land reform are channels through which parental early-life reform exposure affects expenditure on their children's education. We also find considerable heterogeneity in the relationship across subsamples of individuals. Specifically, we find that education investment in children in junior high and senior high schools and children in the eastern region benefit more from parents' early-life exposure to the HRS.

Automated summary

We examine the intergenerational relationship between parents' early-life exposure to China's Household Responsibility System (HRS) reform and investment in their children's education. The length of exposure to the HRS reform during childhood or adolescence has a positive effect on parental investment in children's education, with some evidence of non-linearities. Parental income, wealth, human capital, and the improvement in public benefits resulting from land reform are channels through which early-life reform exposure affects education expenditure. There is significant heterogeneity in the relationship across different subsamples, with children in junior high and senior high schools and those in the eastern region benefiting more from parents' early-life HRS exposure.