Rational utilization of 1,2,3-triazole scaffold in anti-MRSA drug development: Design strategies, structural insights and pharmacological outcomes

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important bacterial pathogen that has the capability to cause mild to life-threatening infections. It has posed a significant threat to the healthcare system across the globe since its emergence in the 1960s. Since then, it has rapidly evolved and developed resistance to various antibiotics from time to time and forced research groups to look for newer antibiotics. Currently, MRSA is resistant to the large portion of available antibiotics in clinical practice which created a global emergency to develop novel and effective antibiotics against MRSA. 1,2,3-Triazole is a diverse nucleus in the field of medicinal chemistry and bioisostere to amide, ester, carboxylic acid and other heterocyclic fragments as well as an integral part of antibacterial agents like cefatrizine and tazobactam, therefore act as an important tool for drug development targeting MRSA. This review will provide, (a) Key information about the pathogenesis and drug resistance pattern of MRSA among available antibiotics. (b) Rational design strategies utilized in the development of anti-MRSA agents using triazole nucleus and (c) Pharmacological outcomes along with a critical discussion on structure activity relationships. This review will help various research groups across the globe in designing novel, potent and effective anti-MRSA agents by rational utilization of 1,2,3-triazole nucleus to overcome drug resistance acquired by MRSA.

Automated summary

MRSA is a significant bacterial pathogen with resistance to many antibiotics, necessitating the development of new drugs. The 1,2,3-triazole nucleus is an important tool for developing effective anti-MRSA agents.