Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 11, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2023.110982
Keywords
Organic dyes; ZnO NPs; ZnO/BT nanocompositses; Croton macrostachyus; Degradation efficiency
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In this study, ZnO NPs and ZnO/BT nanocomposites were successfully synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of Croton macrostachyus. The nanomaterials were characterized and showed promising properties for photocatalytic degradation of dyes.
In this study, ZnO NPs and ZnO/BT nanocomposites were synthesized using an aqueous leaf extract of Croton macrostachyus. The nanomaterials were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and UV-visible spectroscopy. XRD results showed wurtzite hexagonal phases and a space group of P63mc for both ZnO NPs and ZnO/BT nano-composites, with average crystallite sizes of 21.65 and 13.73 nm for ZnO NPs and ZnO/BT nanocomposites, respectively. FT-IR results showed the formation of Zn-O bonds. SEM analysis showed the formation of aggre-gates and a heterogeneous zigzag surface for ZnO NPs and ZnO/BT nanocomposites, respectively. UV-visible results showed the band gap energies of ZnO NPs and ZnO/BT nanocomposites are 3.59 eV and 3.4 eV, respectively. The photocatalytic degradation experiment result showed that 95.97 %, 97.49 %, and 97.86 % degradation efficiency were obtained at pH 12, 10, and 8 with catalyst doses of 0.3, 0.25, and 0.25 g, initial concentrations of 20, 20, and 160 mg/L, and exposure times of 90, 180, and 150 min, respectively, for MB, CV, and CR using ZnO NPs. Whereas, 99.54 %, 99.33 %, and 98.85 % degradation efficiencies were obtained at pH 7, 7, and 6, with catalyst doses of 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3, initial concentrations of 25, 25, and 160 mg/L, and exposure times of 30, 180, and 150 min, respectively, for MB, CV, and CR using ZnO/BT nanocomposites. The experimental data fit well the second, zero, and first order kinetics for CV, CR, and MB, respectively, using ZnO NPs, whereas the pseudo-zero order fit well for all dyes with ZnO/BT nanocomposites.
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