Related references
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(2022)
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Noah F. Q. Yuan et al.
Summary: When both inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken, the critical current of a superconductor can be nonreciprocal. In this work, it is shown that in certain classes of two-dimensional superconductors with antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling, Cooper pairs acquire a finite momentum upon the application of an in-plane magnetic field, resulting in unequal critical currents in the direction parallel and antiparallel to the Cooper pair momentum. This supercurrent diode effect is also observed in the polarity dependence of in-plane critical fields induced by a supercurrent. These nonreciprocal effects can be found in polar SrTiO3 film, few-layer MoTe2 in the Td phase, and twisted bilayer graphene where the valley degree of freedom plays a role analogous to spin.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
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Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jiang-Xiazi Lin et al.
Summary: A superconducting diode effect is observed in twisted trilayer graphene at zero magnetic field, indicating the coexistence of superconductivity and time-reversal symmetry breaking. This non-reciprocal behavior can be controlled by adjusting carrier density, twist angle, or applying a magnetic field.
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Summary: We propose a universal mechanism for the Josephson diode effect in short Josephson junctions, which arises from finite Cooper pair momentum and simultaneous breaking of inversion and time-reversal symmetries. The diode efficiency is up to 40% with an asymmetry between the critical currents in opposite directions of approximately 230%. The mechanism is explained by the Doppler shift of the Andreev bound state energies and the phase-independent asymmetric current from the continuum. We also introduce a simple scheme for achieving finite-momentum pairing without relying on spin-orbit coupling, expanding the platforms for observing supercurrent diode effects.
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Yi Zhang et al.
Summary: Motivated by recent progress in the superconductivity nonreciprocal phenomena, this study investigates the general theory of Josephson diodes, focusing on the asymmetric proximity process inside the tunneling barrier. From the perspective of symmetry breaking, there are two types of Josephson diodes: inversion breaking and time-reversal breaking. Voltage bias can effectively tune the proximity process in the inversion breaking case, while current flow can adjust the internal time-reversal breaking field in the time-reversal breaking case. These findings provide a comprehensive understanding and general principles for realizing Josephson diodes, including the recently discovered NbSe2/Nb3Br8/NbSe2 Josephson diodes.
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