Journal
IEEE ACCESS
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages 107823-107842Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3318739
Keywords
Hydrology; sensor; machine learning; ICT; rainfall forecas; geoscience and remote monitoring-> remote sensing-> remote monitoring; instrumentation and measurement-> monitoring-> water monitoring; computationaland artificial intelligence-> artificial intelligence-> prediction methods-> predictive models; communications technology-> wireless sensor networks-> event detection
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This article discusses the fundamental role of sensing technologies, data processing algorithms, and inference based on machine learning techniques in modern hydrology. It also highlights the challenges in improving the accuracy and reducing the complexity of current hydrology models. The article provides an overview of the main solutions proposed in the literature and presents empirical data sets to support the main concepts discussed.
In the last years, many European countries have experienced the effects of climate change, in the form of a scarcity of drinking water resources, prolonged periods of drought, and extremely heavy rainfall, with unprecedented dramatic environmental, economic, and social costs. Therefore, understanding, modeling, and predicting the movement and distribution of water on Earth, and effectively managing water resources are problems of paramount importance. In this article, we discuss the fundamental role that sensing technologies, data processing algorithms, and inference based on machine learning techniques can have in modern hydrology and the many challenges that still need to be addressed to improve the accuracy and reduce the complexity of current hydrology models. More specifically, we overview the main solutions proposed in the literature to monitor, analyze and predict hydrological processes, and present a selection of results obtained from empirical data sets to ground the main concepts and substantiate the dissertation. Finally, we conclude our article by discussing open problems and possible avenues for future research.
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