The real-world effectiveness of fluvoxamine therapy in mild to moderate COVID-19 patients; A historical cohort study (Fluvoxa Trial)

Article Immunology

Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir: Oral Coronavirus Disease 2019 Antiviral Drugs

Louis D. Saravolatz et al.

Summary: Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir are two new oral antiviral drugs for outpatient treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. Both drugs have shown a reduction in death and hospitalization when started within 5 days of symptom onset.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Review Microbiology

Insights for COVID-19 in 2023

Francisco Javier Martin-Sanchez et al.

Summary: Predictions for the near end of the pandemic by the World Health Organization should be approached cautiously. The efficacy of a fourth dose of classical mRNA vaccines against the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is low and short-lived in preventing infection, but still effective against severe symptomatic cases. New bivalent vaccines targeting the Omicron variant are being developed, along with potential vaccines for nasal or oral administration. Information suggests that COVID-19 vaccines can be administered alongside influenza vaccination without complications. Research is ongoing for new antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, but monoclonal antibodies may not be effective. Mask usage will likely continue in certain circumstances based on accumulating scientific data. The long-term effects of COVID-19 may persist and require comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic resources.

REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA (2023)

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Editorial Material Virology

Global case fatality rate from COVID-19 has decreased by 96.8% during 2.5 years of the pandemic

Nobuyuki Horita et al.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2023)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Efficacy of combination therapy of fluvoxamine and favipiravir vs favipiravir monotherapy to prevent severe COVID-19 among mild to moderate COVID-19 patients: Open-label randomized controlled trial (EFFaCo study)

Taweegrit Siripongboonsitti et al.

Summary: This study aimed to assess the immunomodulatory effects of fluvoxamine in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. The results showed that the combination therapy of fluvoxamine and favipiravir did not provide significant benefits in preventing disease progression in these patients, but it resulted in lower hospitalization rates, oxygen supplemental rates, intensive care rates, and mortality rates.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2023)

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Article Neurosciences

Risk of Death in Individuals Hospitalized for COVID-19 With and Without Psychiatric Disorders: An Observational Multicenter Study in France

Nicolas Hoertel et al.

Summary: A retrospective cohort study found that psychiatric disorders are associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related mortality, which may be explained by the higher prevalence of medical risk factors in this population rather than the psychiatric disorders themselves. These findings are important for understanding the factors influencing the risk of death in COVID-19 patients.

BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Safety and efficacy of fluvoxamine in COVID-19 ICU patients: An open label, prospective cohort trial with matched controls

Martina Calusic et al.

Summary: Fluvoxamine, as an early treatment option, has shown promise in preventing COVID-19 progression in three trials. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of fluvoxamine in COVID-19 patients when administered later in the disease course. The results suggest that fluvoxamine treatment in addition to standard therapy may have a positive impact on patient survival, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (2022)

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Article Immunology

Efficacy of Early Treatment With Favipiravir on Disease Progression Among High-Risk Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Randomized, Open-Label Clinical Trial

Chuan Huan Chuah et al.

Summary: Early treatment with oral favipiravir did not prevent disease progression from nonhypoxia to hypoxia in high-risk COVID-19 patients. No beneficial effects were observed in preventing mechanical ventilation, ICU admission, and in-hospital mortality.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Molnupiravir for Oral Treatment of Covid-19 in Nonhospitalized Patients

A. Jayk Bernal et al.

Summary: This study found that early treatment with molnupiravir reduced the risk of hospitalization or death in at-risk, unvaccinated adults with Covid-19.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Oral Nirmatrelvir for High-Risk, Nonhospitalized Adults with Covid-19

Jennifer Hammond et al.

Summary: In high-risk, unvaccinated adults, treatment of Covid-19 with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir can significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization and death, with good safety profile.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effect of early treatment with fluvoxamine on risk of emergency care and hospitalisation among patients with COVID-19: the TOGETHER randomised, platform clinical trial

Gilmar Reis et al.

Summary: Treatment with fluvoxamine (100 mg twice daily for 10 days) among high-risk outpatients with early diagnosed COVID-19 reduced the need for hospitalisation defined as retention in a COVID-19 emergency setting or transfer to a tertiary hospital. The trial showed a higher probability of superiority (99.8%) surpassing the prespecified threshold of 97.6%.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH (2022)

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Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Fluvoxamine for the Early Treatment of COVID-19: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Christina M. Guo et al.

Summary: Fluvoxamine may have a clinical benefit in the early treatment of COVID-19, reducing the risk of clinical deterioration or hospitalization. However, more evidence is needed to support these findings.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Fluvoxamine for Outpatient Management of COVID-19 to Prevent Hospitalization A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Todd C. Lee et al.

Summary: This article summarized the effectiveness of fluvoxamine in the outpatient management of COVID-19, showing a significant association with reduced hospitalization risk under different assumptions, which could be a promising management option.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Fluvoxamine Treatment of Patients with Symptomatic COVID-19 in a Community Treatment Center: A Preliminary Result of Randomized Controlled Trial

Hyeonji Seo et al.

Summary: This study found no significant differences in clinical deterioration between patients treated with fluvoxamine and placebo among adult patients with symptomatic COVID-19 admitted to the CTC. Factors such as age, fever, and pneumonia may be independent risk factors for clinical deterioration.

INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Association between antidepressant use and reduced risk of intubation or death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: results from an observational study

Nicolas Hoertel et al.

Summary: This study suggests that the use of antidepressants in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 may be associated with a lower risk of death or intubation. Antidepressants such as fluoxetine, paroxetine, escitalopram, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine showed significant associations with reduced risk. Further research in the form of double-blind controlled randomized clinical trials is recommended.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Prospective Cohort of Fluvoxamine for Early Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 19

David Seftel et al.

Summary: In this study, 65 individuals opted to receive fluvoxamine for COVID-19 treatment, with a 0% hospitalization rate and 0% residual symptoms. In comparison, 48 individuals who chose observation alone had a hospitalization rate of 12.5% and residual symptoms in 60% of cases. This suggests that fluvoxamine may help alleviate the severity and duration of COVID-19.

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Immunology

β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Through Lethal Mutagenesis But Is Also Mutagenic To Mammalian Cells

Shuntai Zhou et al.

Summary: Mutagenic ribonucleosides can serve as broad-spectrum antiviral agents, but may pose risks to the host due to their host mutagenic activity in addition to antiviral activity.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Mortality Risk Among Patients With COVID-19 Prescribed Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants

Tomiko Oskotsky et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association of SSRIs with outcomes in patients with COVID-19 using electronic health records. The results suggest that SSRIs, especially fluoxetine, may be associated with reduced mortality in COVID-19 patients. Further research and clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Fluvoxamine: A Review of Its Mechanism of Action and Its Role in COVID-19

Vikas P. Sukhatme et al.

Summary: Fluvoxamine, a well-tolerated and widely available selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, has shown potential in preventing clinical deterioration of COVID-19 patients in a small study. It functions through various mechanisms such as antiviral effects, anti-inflammatory properties, and regulation of coagulopathy.

FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY (2021)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

The efficacy and safety of Favipiravir in treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

Soheil Hassanipour et al.

Summary: The meta-analysis of Favipiravir in the treatment of COVID-19 showed significant clinical improvement in the Favipiravir group compared to the control group after seven days of hospitalization. However, there was no significant difference in viral clearance and oxygen therapy requirement between the two groups. The mortality rate was approximately 30% lower in the Favipiravir group, but this finding was not statistically significant.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

FLUOXETINE USE IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 PNEUMONIA: A RETROSPECTIVE CASE-CONTROL STUDY

Zsofia Klara Nemeth et al.

Summary: This study investigated the association between fluoxetine use and survival in hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients, finding that fluoxetine was associated with a significant decrease in mortality.

IDEGGYOGYASZATI SZEMLE-CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal