The predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT combined with inflammatory index for major pathological reactions in resectable NSCLC receiving neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy

Objectives: To investigate whether the combination of inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic parameters of F-18-FDG PET/CT could predict the major pathological reactions (MPR) in resectable NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy more accurately and screen out patients who may benefit from the neoadjuvant therapy.Materials and Methods: 114 resectable NSCLC patients who underwent neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and radical surgery were retrospectively enrolled. Detailed clinical characteristics, B-R and F-18-FDG PET/CT images were collected for analyzing their correlation with MPR. A metabolic-inflammation comprehensive prognostic index (MICPI) combined F-18-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and inflammatory index was proposed to predict MPR.Results: 66.7 % patients achieved MPR. Smoking history, gender and ILO were influencing factors for MPR acquisition in NSCLC patients. High absolute neutrophils count (PreN >= 3.65), metabolic parameters (PreSUV(max) >= 11.73) before treatment and Delta SUVmean (>= 54.18) were significantly associated with MPR (P < 0.01, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 respectively). MICPI-B based on PreN and PreSUV(max) categorized NSCLC patients into three groups and among the groups of high, intermediate and low MICPI-B score, MPR accounted for 80.00 %, 51.72 % and 28.57 % respectively (P < 0.01). In high, intermediate and low MICPI-P groups which based on PreN and Delta SUVmean, MPR accounted for 92.31 %, 53.57 % and 11.11 %, respectively (P < 0.001).Conclusion: PreN and metabolic parameter of F-18-FDG PET/CT may be an accurate alternative biomarker for predicting MPR in NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy. Moreover, MICPI can stratify patients into different groups based on their likelihood of obtaining MPR, allowing clinicians to identify patients who may most likely benefit from neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.

Automated summary

This study aims to investigate the combination of inflammatory biomarkers and metabolic parameters of F-18-FDG PET/CT for predicting the major pathological reactions (MPR) in resectable NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy, and identify patients who may benefit from the neoadjuvant therapy.