Numerical analysis for 3D time-dependent Sutterby nanofluid flow capturing features of variable thermal conductivity and heat sink-source aspects

Presently, due to its extraordinary mechanical, thermal, electrical and biomedical facets nanofluids deliver several prospects to exaggerate the propensity of isothermal systems by augmenting the conductivity features of the host fluids. In various areas of the energy partition, nanoparticles show a remarkable measure in energy storage, energy variation, and energy convertible, i.e. thermoelectric plans, petroleum cells, supercapacitors, stellar cells, rechargeable batteries, light-radiating diode and carbon-based light-radiating diode, smart coatings. In this current conversation, we anticipated an unsteady 3D flow of the Sutterby nanofluid consequence of a bidirectional extended surface. To envision the thermophoresis and Brownian motion properties in Sutterby's nanofluid, the Buongiorno association is utilized in an additional refined technique. Variable thermal conductivity with heat source/sink property occurred deliberated considering heat transmission techniques. The appropriate transformation is applied for transposing the PDEs into nonlinear ODEs. For numerical results, the bvp4c programmed is prerequisite for elucidating the subsequent Ordinary differential equations. The distinct performance of the Sutterby nanofluid temperature and the concentration field are designated and discussed in the physical parameter's aspect. It is clear that the temperature of the Sutterby fluid decreases with respect to the ratio of stretching rates parameter and similar developments are observed for the thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameters. Furthermore, the concentration profile declines for sophisticated estimates of the Lewis number and thermophoresis parameters.

Automated summary

Nanofluids, with their exceptional mechanical, thermal, electrical, and biomedical properties, offer great potential for improving the performance of isothermal systems by enhancing the conductivity of the host fluids. In various energy-related fields, nanoparticles have shown significant applications in energy storage, energy conversion, and energy devices such as thermoelectric systems, fuel cells, supercapacitors, solar cells, rechargeable batteries, LEDs, and carbon-based LEDs. This study investigates the 3D flow of Sutterby nanofluid over a bidirectional extended surface, considering thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. The results show that the temperature of the Sutterby nanofluid decreases with increasing stretching rates, and the concentration profile decreases with more complex estimations of Lewis number and thermophoresis parameters.