Related references
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Article
Immunology
Elizabeth T. Jacobs et al.
Summary: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) are conditions that occur or remain at least 28 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pre-existing conditions such as asthma, chronic constipation, reflux, rheumatoid arthritis, seasonal allergies, and depression/anxiety are associated with an increased risk for PASC. Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and autoimmune conditions also show significant associations with PASC.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Christoph Schultheiss et al.
Summary: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) are long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection that significantly impact life quality. This study reveals pronounced dysregulation in immune factors and persistence of viral protein in individuals with PASC, highlighting its biological heterogeneity. Further correlation with clinically defined PASC subtypes is needed.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
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Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea Dennis et al.
Summary: This prospective cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence of organ impairment in long COVID patients at 6 and 12 months after initial symptoms and explore links to clinical presentation. The study included 536 individuals in non-acute healthcare settings in the UK. The results showed that 59% of the 331 participants had persistent organ impairment one year post COVID-19, with implications for symptoms, quality of life, and long-term health.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Vasiliki Tsampasian et al.
Summary: Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complex disorder that has affected millions of people globally. Identifying potential risk factors to understand who is at risk of developing PCC is important for early clinical support.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jing-Xian Yin et al.
Summary: This study found that increased levels of IL-6 are associated with long COVID-19. IL-6 levels were elevated after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and long COVID-19 patients had higher IL-6 levels compared to healthy controls and non-PASC patients.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2023)
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Medicine, General & Internal
Carlo Fumagalli et al.
Summary: This study investigates the persistence of COVID-19 symptoms in patients 12 months after hospital discharge. The findings show that 40.5% of patients still experienced at least one symptom at 12 months, with fatigue, dyspnea, cough, insomnia, confusion, fear, and depression being the most common. Factors such as age, gender, frailty, multiple symptoms at baseline, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were associated with symptom persistence.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
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Respiratory System
Keir Elmslie James Philip et al.
Summary: This study assessed the impact of COVID-19 on people with asthma and predictors of persistent symptoms. The results showed that COVID-19 had negative effects on the breathing and management of asthma in infected individuals, and those with long COVID-19 had worse respiratory conditions, increased inhaler use, and poorer asthma management. Additionally, there were symptom overlaps and interactions between COVID-19 and asthma. The study also emphasized the need for appropriate healthcare access to differentiate COVID-19 symptoms from asthma.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Dakheelallah M. Almutairi et al.
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of chemosensory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients and identified factors associated with complete recovery and time to recovery of chemosensory function. The results showed that parosmia, upper respiratory tract symptoms, and dyspnea were associated with a low likelihood of complete recovery, while parosmia, headache, and hypertension were associated with a longer recovery period.
ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA
(2022)
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Virology
Ignacio Perez Catalan et al.
Summary: This study analyzed the long-term symptoms of COVID-19 patients and found that treatment with corticosteroids during the acute phase may attenuate the presence of long-term symptoms and improve patients' quality of life.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Daniel Munblit et al.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Marco Marando et al.
Summary: This study observed the condition of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia one year later and found that most patients still had abnormalities in radiological and functional aspects, and a decrease in health-related quality of life, despite showing progressive recovery.
NPJ PRIMARY CARE RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ekaterina Pazukhina et al.
Summary: A significant proportion of COVID-19 patients experience post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) symptoms even 6 and 12 months after discharge, with females, individuals with pre-existing hypertension in adults, and those with neurological comorbidities or allergic respiratory diseases in children being at higher risk.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aranka V Ballering et al.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kin Israel Notarte et al.
Summary: This systematic literature review and meta-analysis aimed to identify risk factors for the development of long COVID-19. The study found that advancing age was not associated with long COVID-19, but female sex was a risk factor. Additionally, medical comorbidities such as pulmonary disease, diabetes, obesity, and organ transplantation were also identified as potential risk factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Daniel Munblit et al.
Summary: This international consensus study aims to identify the core outcomes of post-COVID-19 condition, providing a standardized assessment framework for clinical care and global research.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Aurelie Fischer et al.
Summary: This study aims to describe the symptoms of long COVID according to the severity of initial COVID-19 infection. The study found that the frequencies and burden of symptoms increased with the severity of acute illness in the 12 months after acute COVID-19 infection. Long COVID is likely to consist of multiple subcategories. This study contributes to a better understanding of long COVID and the development of precision health strategies.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
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Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica Gonzalez et al.
Summary: This study provides a detailed description of the long-term clinical management and evolution of a cohort of critical COVID-19 survivors. The findings show that one-third of critically ill COVID-19 patients need to continue follow-up beyond 1 year, due to abnormalities on pulmonary function tests, chest CT, or persistent symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Claudia Carvalho-Schneider et al.
Summary: In noncritical COVID-19 patients, most individuals continued to experience symptoms up to 2 months after symptom onset, with the main complaints being anosmia/ageusia, dyspnoea, or asthenia. Factors associated with persistent symptoms included age 40-60 years old, hospital admission, and abnormal auscultation at symptom onset.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Jim M. Wild et al.
Summary: The study will conduct longitudinal observational studies on patients with suspected ILD following COVID-19 to determine the prevalence of ILD at 12 months post-infection. Additional studies will focus on factors that determine the trajectory of recovery or progression of ILD. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals to establish the extent and consequences of LC-ILD and enable strategies to mitigate progression.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Andreas Rembert Koczulla et al.
Summary: The guideline on Post-COVID/Long-COVID initiated by the German Society of Pneumology is designed in a broad interdisciplinary approach based on current knowledge. It describes current symptoms, diagnostic approaches, and therapies with a specific focus and practical claim for continuous development and adaptation by the author team.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Felicity Callard et al.
Summary: Patients collectively created "Long Covid" and similar terms during the early months of the pandemic, demonstrating a longer and more complex illness course than initially reported. They used social media to spread their experiences and influence formal clinical and policy channels, showing how patients can contribute to changing the understanding and treatment of COVID-19.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
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Medicine, General & Internal
Chaolin Huang et al.
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term health consequences of discharged COVID-19 patients and associated risk factors, particularly disease severity. Patients with more severe illness during hospitalization showed more severe impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for long-term recovery.
Article
Infectious Diseases
A. Horn et al.
Summary: The NAPKON-POP COVIDOM study aims to systematically assess the long-term health status of hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Germany. A total of 6813 individuals have been invited to participate, with 36% choosing to do so and 1295 already examined at least once. This study complements other Long COVID studies by providing detailed health data of population-based samples, including individuals with various degrees of disease severity.
Article
Microbiology
Robert Kozak et al.
Summary: A review of a COVID-19 cohort in a tertiary care center in Toronto, Canada, found that 27% of patients met criteria for long-COVID-19. Fatigue and weakness were the most common symptoms associated with long-COVID-19, but past medical history and routine laboratory testing did not predict its development.
Article
Respiratory System
Cesar Fernandez-de-las-Penas et al.
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of post-COVID-19 cough one year after hospital discharge in COVID-19 survivors and found that a significant proportion of patients still experienced respiratory symptoms post-discharge, with a 2.5% prevalence of long-term cough. No clear risk factors associated with long-term post-COVID-19 cough were identified.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Greg Vanichkachorn et al.
Summary: This study describes the characteristics of patients experiencing prolonged symptoms after COVID-19 infection. Most patients did not require hospitalization, were younger, predominantly female, and did not have preexisting comorbidities. Symptoms such as mood disorders, fatigue, and cognitive impairment significantly affected the functional and occupational activities of these patients.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Surgery
Benjamin S. Brooke et al.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yumiao Zhao et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term consequences of COVID-19 survivors one year after recovery, finding that survivors were mainly troubled with muscle fatigue and insomnia. It also revealed high prevalence of pulmonary structural abnormalities and pulmonary diffusion capacities in COVID-19 patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bjorn Blomberg et al.
Summary: An analysis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections in Bergen, Norway, revealed that a high proportion of patients experienced long-term COVID symptoms at 6 months, even though they were relatively young and had only mild to moderate acute COVID-19 symptoms. This highlights the significance of infection control measures, such as vaccination.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nils Kappelmann et al.
Summary: Most COVID-19 survivors experience long-term neuropsychiatric symptoms like fatigue, sleeping difficulties, depression, and anxiety, potentially driven by neuroimmune cross-talk involving inflammatory cytokines like IL-6. Targeting IL-6 pathways may offer new treatment and prevention strategies for these symptoms.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandra Lopez-Leon et al.
Summary: This study aimed to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19, estimating that 80% of infected patients will develop one or more long-term symptoms, with the most common being fatigue, headache, attention disorder, hair loss, and dyspnea.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofie Bliddal et al.
Summary: Among non-hospitalized PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients, one third were asymptomatic, while one third of symptomatic participants reported persistent symptoms. Risk factors for persistent symptoms included female sex and BMI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Otorhinolaryngology
Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo et al.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Shin Jie Yong
Summary: Long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome is a poorly understood condition that affects survivors with symptoms like fatigue, dyspnoea, cognitive impairments, and more. The pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments are still lacking in literature, but potential treatments may include rehabilitation training and repurposed drugs from similar conditions. Further research is needed to substantiate risk factors and treatment options.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Modesto M. Maestre-Muniz et al.
Summary: The study investigated post-acute health consequences and mortality one year after hospital discharge among survivors of acute COVID-19. The findings revealed a 7.5% mortality rate among survivors and a significant proportion experiencing ongoing symptoms 1 year after disease onset.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
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Medicine, General & Internal
Andreas Rank et al.
Summary: This study found that some patients with mild COVID-19 may still experience persistent symptoms one year later, but these symptoms gradually decrease over time. Specific antibodies can still be detected 12 months later, with antibody levels decreasing within the first 6 months but remaining stable up to 12 months.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
JinSong Geng et al.
Summary: This systematic review found that COVID-19 patients with chronic diseases such as hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are more likely to experience severe symptoms, ICU admission, and higher risk of mortality. On the other hand, patients with asthma may have a lower risk of COVID-19 mortality, while obese patients are more likely to experience severe symptoms. Aggressive strategies targeting patients with chronic diseases should be a priority in combating the COVID-19 pandemic.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nancy Santesso et al.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
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Infectious Diseases
Florian Kurth et al.
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Allergy
Krishan D. Chhiba et al.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Karla Romero Starke et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2019)
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Psychiatry
Sara Balduzzi et al.
EVIDENCE-BASED MENTAL HEALTH
(2019)
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Mathematical & Computational Biology
G Knapp et al.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2003)
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Mathematical & Computational Biology
JPT Higgins et al.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
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