Pathophysiology of coronary microvascular dysfunction

The term coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) encompasses several pathogenetic mechanisms resulting in functional and/or structural changes in the coronary microcirculation. CMD often determines angina and myocardial ischemia in a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases, including patients with ischemia with nonobstructive coronary arteries or ischemia with obstructive coronary artery disease, infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries, cardiomyopathies, the Takotsubo syndrome and heart failure, especially heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. In this article, we provide updated evidence regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CMD across the different cardiovascular diseases, aiming to pave the way for further research and the development of novel strategies for a precision medicine approach.

Automated summary

This article provides updated evidence on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) across different cardiovascular diseases, aiming to pave the way for further research and the development of novel strategies for a precision medicine approach.