Journal
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
Volume 4, Issue 11, Pages 1787-1795Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adom.201600273
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Funding
- Australian Research Council [DP150101939, DE160100569]
- Westpac Research Fellowship
- Australian Research Council [DE160100569] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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Ultraporous networks of ZnO nanoparticles (UNN) have recently been proposed as a highly performing morphology for portable ultraviolet light photodetectors. Here, it is shown that structural engineering of the nano-particle grain boundaries can drastically enhance the performance of UNN photodetectors leading to gigantic photo to dark current ratios with operation voltages below 1 V. Ultraporous nanoparticle layers are fabricated by scalable low-temperature deposition of flame-made ZnO aerosols resulting in highly transparent layers with more than 95% visible light transmittance and 80% UV-light absorption. Optimal thermally induced necking of the ZnO nanoparticles increased the photo- to dark-current ratio, at a low light density of 86 mu W cm(-2), from 1.4 x 10(4) to 9.3 x 10(6), the highest so far reported. This is attributed to the optimal interplay of surface depletion and carrier conduction resulting in the formation of an open-neck grain boundary morphology. These findings provide a robust set of guiding principles for the design and fabrication of nanoparticle-based optoelectronic devices.
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