Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 15, Issue 46, Pages 53802-53814Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10736
Keywords
ammonia gas sensor; PEDOT:PSS; alkalized cellulosenanofibers; layer-by-layer spraying assembly; swiftreaction kinetics
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In this study, guest-alkalized cellulose nanofibers were introduced into the host PEDOT:PSS matrix by layer-by-layer spraying assembly method, which significantly improved the sensitivity and response kinetics of the sensor for ammonia detection. The optimized sensor exhibited high sensitivity, low detection limit, fast response and recovery times, excellent repeatability and stability, and worked well under various bending angles and times. This work combines a green material system and a facile film deposition method, providing a promising approach for future wearable optoelectronic systems.
As a typical representative of conductive polymers (CPs), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is intensively employed for chemiresistive ammonia (NH3) sensing on account of its favorable aqueous solubility, benign environmental stability, and outstanding room-temperature conductivity; however, it is severely plagued by low sensitivity and sluggish reaction kinetics. To circumvent these limitations, the guest-alkalized cellulose nanofibers (AC) were introduced into the host PEDOT:PSS matrix by the layer-by-layer spraying assembly method (LBLSA) in this work. The componential proportion-optimized PEDOT:PSS/AC/PEDOT:PSS (P/AC/P) sensor delivered a large sensitivity of 20.2%/ppm within 0.1-3 ppm of NH3 at 21 degrees C@26% RH, an experimental limit of detection (LoD) as low as 30 ppb, a high response of 18.1%, and a short response/recovery times (4.8/4.0 s) toward 1 ppm of NH3, which ranked among the best cases thus far. Also, excellent repeatability and long-term stability and selectivity were demonstrated. Meanwhile, the flexible P/AC/P sensors worked well under various bending angles and bending times. This work combines a green material system and a facile film deposition method to overcome the liquid dispersion incompatibility when preparing a multicomponent mixture for swift trace NH3 detection. The universality and extensibility of this methodology endow a broad prospect in the field of future wearable optoelectronic systems.
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