Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 28, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237750
Keywords
cancer immunotherapy; in vivo self-assembly; drug delivery; multistage; stimuli-response; tumor microenvironment
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Advances in nanotechnology have revolutionized cancer therapy. However, the presence of physiological barriers in the body has limited the effectiveness. Multistage self-assembled nanomaterials with stimuli-responsiveness, programmable delivery, and immune modulation show promising potential for improving cancer treatment efficacy.
Advances in nanotechnology have brought innovations to cancer therapy. Nanoparticle-based anticancer drugs have achieved great success from bench to bedside. However, insufficient therapy efficacy due to various physiological barriers in the body remains a key challenge. To overcome these biological barriers and improve the therapeutic efficacy of cancers, multistage self-assembled nanomaterials with advantages of stimuli-responsiveness, programmable delivery, and immune modulations provide great opportunities. In this review, we describe the typical biological barriers for nanomedicines, discuss the recent achievements of multistage self-assembled nanomaterials for stimuli-responsive drug delivery, highlighting the programmable delivery nanomaterials, in situ transformable self-assembled nanomaterials, and immune-reprogramming nanomaterials. Ultimately, we perspective the future opportunities and challenges of multistage self-assembled nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy.
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