4.6 Article

Understanding of sailing rule based on COLREGs: Comparison of navigator survey and automated collision-avoidance algorithm

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Article Environmental Studies

Can a ship be its own captain? Safe manning of autonomous and uncrewed vessels

Barbara Stepien

Summary: New maritime technologies, such as autonomous and uncrewed vessels, are set to revolutionize the shipping industry. However, the lack of regulation under current maritime laws raises concerns about safety and social impact. It is debated whether the international community can incorporate these technologies through policy decisions or if substantial amendments or new legal instruments are needed. It is concluded that adopting a specialized convention or code for autonomous and uncrewed vessels would be a faster and easier solution.

MARINE POLICY (2023)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Autonomous ships are on the horizon: here's what we need to know

Rudy R. Negenborn et al.

Summary: Ships and ports have the potential for unmanned operation, but the maritime industry must address practical, legal, and economic challenges beforehand.

NATURE (2023)

Article Engineering, Marine

Determining the Proper Times and Sufficient Actions for the Collision Avoidance of Navigator-Centered Ships in the Open Sea Using Artificial Neural Networks

Jong-Kwan Kim et al.

Summary: Ship collisions can occur due to delaying actions or insufficient actions to avoid them. This study used Bayesian regularized artificial neural networks (BRANNs) to suggest appropriate timing and actions for collision avoidance. Data was prepared based on precedent research to train, validate, and assess the BRANNs, and an artificial neural network controller was proposed. Simulation was used to verify the controller. Further improvements can be made by examining overtaking distances and using the method presented in this study.

JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (2023)

Article Engineering, Marine

A novel arena-based regional collision risk assessment method of multi-ship encounter situation in complex waters

Rong Zhen et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a novel method for assessing regional ship collision risk in complex waters by combining density clustering and multiple influence factors. The method accurately quantifies ship collision risk and effectively identifies high-risk ships.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

Ship collision avoidance behaviour recognition and analysis based on AIS data

H. Rong et al.

Summary: This study proposes a novel approach to automatically identify ship collision avoidance behavior based on an improved Sliding Window Algorithm. By analyzing ship trajectories and factors such as rudder angle, the approach can accurately detect ship's avoidance behavior. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, which can be used in situational awareness systems and ship collision avoidance decision-making.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Civil

Efficient COLREG-Compliant Collision Avoidance in Multi-Ship Encounter Situations

Yonghoon Cho et al.

Summary: Current automatic ship collision avoidance methods are mostly applicable to single ship encounters. This study proposes a rule-compliant collision avoidance method for multiple-ship encounters, considering prediction uncertainty. By refining maritime traffic rules and applying the probabilistic velocity obstacle method, an efficient collision avoidance algorithm is proposed.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (2022)

Review Engineering, Marine

Collaborative collision avoidance for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: A review

Melih Akdag et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the importance of collaboration among vessels in collision avoidance algorithms for autonomous ships. It emphasizes the lack of consideration for interaction and information exchange between ships in existing algorithms. Through the study of e-navigation concepts and technologies, the paper proposes solutions to address communication, non-cooperative actors, and cybersecurity concerns. It also provides an outline of a collaborative collision avoidance protocol.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

Framework and application of multi-criteria ship collision risk assessment

Qing Yu et al.

Summary: The paper proposes a comprehensive framework for dynamically assessing ship collision risks under different scenarios. The framework identifies collision candidates, evaluates collision parameters, and weighs the importance of each parameter based on the ship officers' experience. It uses evidential reasoning approach to aggregate information and provide real-time collision risk evaluations. The rationality of the framework is assessed through a comparative analysis with other aggregating approaches.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

Automatic traffic scenarios generation for autonomous ships collision avoidance system testing

Victor Bolbot et al.

Summary: This study proposes a systematic and automatic process for generating traffic scenarios for collision avoidance system testing. By using predefined rules, hazardous traffic scenarios are identified and a risk vector is calculated. A clustering algorithm is then used to determine the groups of potential traffic conditions, simplifying the selection process of testing scenarios.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Review Engineering, Industrial

Review of techniques and challenges of human and organizational factors analysis in maritime transportation

Bing Wu et al.

Summary: This paper summarises the advanced techniques for analysing human and organizational factors in maritime accidents, as well as the attempts to reduce human errors by identifying the existing challenges. The most widely used modelling techniques for human error identification and probability quantification are discussed. The paper also highlights the challenges for future studies, such as data collection, individual factors, and autonomous shipping. Overall, this paper provides valuable insight into human and organizational factors in maritime transportation.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2022)

Review Engineering, Industrial

A systematic review of human-AI interaction in autonomous ship system

Erik Veitch et al.

Summary: Automation is increasing in shipping, but implementation of AI technologies may jeopardize safety. This systematic review examines human supervision and control of autonomous ships, addressing research questions on adoption, safety concerns, and barriers to implementation. The study found that human operators play an active role in ensuring safety, risk assessment tools are commonly used in design, and new competencies and training are needed for shore control center operators.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

A two-stage dynamic collision avoidance algorithm for unmanned surface vehicles based on field theory and COLREGs

Nan Lu et al.

Summary: This study investigates the dynamic collision avoidance problem of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) under the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs). A more accurate virtual spatial velocity field and a two-stage collision avoidance area are proposed to reflect the movement of the target ship (TS). The heading state of the USV is categorized into a safe state and an emergency state. A decision model of ship steering for collision avoidance is presented by analyzing the obligatory behavior specified in the COLREGs. Two algorithms using particle swarm optimization and artificial potential field method are developed for safe state and emergency state, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

A human-like collision avoidance method for autonomous ship with attention-based deep reinforcement learning

Lingling Jiang et al.

Summary: This study proposes an attention-based deep reinforcement learning (ADRL) method for autonomous ship collision avoidance in multi-ship encounter situations. It includes a risk assessment module and a motion planning module, which calculate each ship's collision avoidance decision in the form of attention scores. Additionally, a composite learning method is designed to improve exploration efficiency and learning performance.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

COLREGS-Compliant collision avoidance for physically coupled multi-vessel systems with distributed MPC

Zhe Du et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a distributed control scheme for autonomous tugboats to tow a ship in a restricted water traffic environment ensuring collision avoidance while being compliant with maritime regulation called COLREGS. The complex problem is cooperatively solved by addressing three sub-optimization problems.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

COLREGs and their application in collision avoidance algorithms: A critical analysis

Jesus A. Garcia Maza et al.

Summary: This paper aims to provide insight into ship collision avoidance according to COLREG 72, focusing on assisting OONWs (Officers of the Navigational Watch) in making correct decisions. There is a lack of consistency in existing studies, and some algorithm designs do not comply with COLREG requirements, hence the need for analysis of assessment methods for scenarios and situations.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Engineering, Marine

A novel real-time collision risk awareness method based on velocity obstacle considering uncertainties in ship dynamics

Xiaoli Yuan et al.

Summary: In this study, a COLREGs-based collision risk awareness model is proposed to quantify collision risk in real-time operating conditions. Ship actions are identified through AIS data, uncertainty is analyzed by treating target ships as velocity obstacles, and collision risk is assessed based on the uncertainty in the non-linear velocity obstacles algorithm. Case studies are carried out to validate the model, considering the dynamic and uncertainty features of ship action dynamics to reduce collision accidents and enhance intelligent collision avoidance decision-making technology.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Marine

Effective ship domain - Impact of ship size and speed

Zbigniew Pietrzykowski et al.

Summary: The study proposed methods for determining an effective ship domain based on tests using ECDIS simulator, and analyzed the relationship between domain shape and size with ship size and speed. The formulated analytical relationships enable us to determine the domain of a ship varying in size and speed.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Marine

A novel index for real-time ship collision risk assessment based on velocity obstacle considering dimension data from AIS

Liangbin Zhao et al.

Summary: The article proposes the 'margin of projected collision (MPC)' index, which combines dimension data from AIS and velocity obstacle approach to more accurately and objectively assess the risk of collision between ships. Real encounter cases demonstrate the high practical value of the proposed index, particularly in high-precision applications such as waters with heavy maritime traffic and maritime autonomous surface ships.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Industrial

A probabilistic risk approach for the collision detection of multi-ships under spatiotemporal movement uncertainty

Xuri Xin et al.

Summary: This paper presents a new approach for ship collision risk analysis by considering spatiotemporal-dependent patterns of ship motions to improve accuracy and efficiency. Real experiments conducted in multi-vessel encounters demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of this method.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2021)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Searching for the origins of the myth: 80% human error impact on maritime safety

Krzysztof Wrobel

Summary: There is a prevalent belief that humans are responsible for 80% of industrial accidents, including those in shipping, but there is limited concrete evidence to support this claim. Research shows that human errors indeed play a significant role in maritime accidents, but the widely accepted 80% contribution rate lacks strong substantiation.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2021)

Article Engineering, Industrial

A rule-aware time-varying conflict risk measure for MASS considering maritime practice

Mengxia Li et al.

Summary: The article proposes a practical Rule-aware Time-varying Conflict Risk (R-TCR) method for ship collision avoidance, taking into account ship maneuverability, COLREGs, and good seamanship. Simulations demonstrate that R-TCR evaluates overall conflict risk and supports collision avoidance for autonomous ships.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2021)

Article Engineering, Industrial

A multicriteria outranking approach for ship collision risk assessment

P. Silveira et al.

Summary: The paper introduces a judgmental expert-based method to assess ship collision risk using the ELECTRE Tri-nC method, where criteria weights are determined based on experts' preferences. Risk categories are then assigned to validation scenarios, with results showing alignment between expert assessments and model outcomes.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Estimating Critical Latency Affecting Ship's Collision in Re-Mote Maneuvering of Autonomous Ships

Jeong-Bin Yim et al.

Summary: Estimating critical latency is a key factor in avoiding collisions in remote maneuvering of autonomous ships, by using the turning trajectory of the vessel to determine the time and location of collisions.

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL (2021)

Article Engineering, Marine

Seafarers' awareness-based domain modelling in restricted areas

Hee-Jin Lee et al.

Summary: This study introduces a new domain model for ship domain research in restricted areas. It explores the factors affecting decision making based on Endsley's theory of situation awareness, with a focus on individual and environmental factors. By interviewing 125 seafarers and examining threshold values, domain modeling was performed to reveal that ship maneuverability has a greater impact on seafarers' awareness-based domains compared to ship size and speed.

JOURNAL OF NAVIGATION (2021)

Article Engineering, Industrial

An empirical ship domain based on evasive maneuver and perceived collision risk

Lei Du et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a new ship domain concept and analytical framework that estimates the size of the ship domain based on the ship's first evasive maneuver and the perceived collision risk level. The method is applied to AIS data in the Northern Baltic Sea, constructing separate ship domains with different maneuverability characteristics and explicitly incorporating the dynamic nature of encounter process and evasive maneuvers.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2021)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Maritime safety: Prevention versus mitigation?

Romanas Puisa et al.

Summary: The study analyzed seven research studies applying formal safety assessment to various types of ships, finding that the belief that accident mitigation is more practical than incident prevention is unwarranted. While the credibility of FSA results is weak, this conclusion remains significant. Additionally, the review revealed a potential bias towards mitigation measures and discussed possible reasons for this.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Costs and Benefits of Autonomous Shipping-A Literature Review

Ewelina Ziajka-Poznanska et al.

Summary: The development of autonomous ship technology is receiving global attention, but in-depth cost and benefit estimation is still in its early stages. Current financial models for autonomous shipping are lacking, and there is significant uncertainty in cost estimates. Further research is needed to improve business models for operating autonomous ships.

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL (2021)

Article Engineering, Marine

A novel decision support methodology for oceangoing vessel collision avoidance

Panagiotis Mizythras et al.

Summary: The study developed a decision support methodology for collision avoidance of ocean going vessels, considering both the ship's manoeuvrability and propulsion system performance, by simulating the ship's dynamic response through an integrated model.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Marine

Collision-avoidance navigation systems for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: A state of the art survey

Xinyu Zhang et al.

Summary: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has significantly improved collision-avoidance navigation for maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS), enhancing services in maritime environments and expanding coordinated operations. However, achieving full autonomy for MASS collision-avoidance navigation in complex environments poses great challenges and necessitates ongoing innovations.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Marine

Deep reinforcement learning-based collision avoidance for an autonomous ship

Do-Hyun Chun et al.

Summary: This study proposes a method that quantitatively assesses collision risk and generates avoidance paths to achieve collision avoidance for autonomous ships.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Computer Science, Information Systems

Collision Risk Inference System for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships Using COLREGs Rules Compliant Collision Avoidance

Ho Namgung et al.

Summary: This study introduces a collision risk inference system for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) that complies with the International Regulations for Preventing Collision at the Sea (COLREGs). By considering all vital factors, the proposed system enhances the accuracy and timing of potential collision warnings, allowing decision makers more time to take necessary collision prevention actions.

IEEE ACCESS (2021)

Editorial Material Engineering, Industrial

Comments to Wrobel and Montewka on collision avoidance of autonomous ships and human failure events

Marilia Abilio Ramos et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2020)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Ship collision avoidance methods: State-of-the-art

Yamin Huang et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2020)

Article Automation & Control Systems

Simulation and field testing of multiple vehicles collision avoidance algorithms

Chaoyue Zu et al.

IEEE-CAA JOURNAL OF AUTOMATICA SINICA (2020)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Collision risk measure for triggering evasive actions of maritime autonomous surface ships

Yamin Huang et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2020)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Towards simulation-based verification of autonomous navigation systems

Tom Arne Pedersen et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2020)

Article Engineering, Marine

Multi-Ship Collision Avoidance Decision-Making Based on Collision Risk Index

Yingjun Hu et al.

JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Computer Science, Information Systems

A Real-Time Collision Avoidance System for Autonomous Surface Vessel Using Fuzzy Logic

Yancai Hu et al.

IEEE ACCESS (2020)

Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Quantifying protocol evaluation for autonomous collision avoidance: Toward establishing COLREGS compliance metrics

Kyle Woerner et al.

AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS (2019)

Article Engineering, Marine

Generalized velocity obstacle algorithm for preventing ship collisions at sea

Yamin Huang et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2019)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Evaluation and prediction mental workload in user interface of maritime operations using eye response

Shengyuan Yan et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS (2019)

Review Engineering, Marine

Individual collision risk assessment in ship navigation: A systematic literature review

Ulku Ozturk et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2019)

Article Engineering, Marine

COLREGs-compliant multiship collision avoidance based on deep reinforcement learning

Luman Zhao et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2019)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Analysis of Lookout Activity in a Simulated Environment to Investigate Maritime Accidents Caused by Human Error

Ik-Hyun Youn et al.

APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL (2019)

Article Transportation Science & Technology

Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) and the COLREGS: Do We Need Quantified Rules Or Is the Ordinary Practice of Seamen Specific Enough?

T. Porathe

TRANSNAV-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON MARINE NAVIGATION AND SAFETY OF SEA TRANSPORTATION (2019)

Article Engineering, Marine

System-theoretic approach to safety of remotely-controlled merchant vessel

Krzysztof Wrobel et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2018)

Article Engineering, Marine

A novel ship trajectory reconstruction approach using AIS data

Liye Zhang et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2018)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Human error assessment of oil tanker grounding

Shuen-Tai Ung

SAFETY SCIENCE (2018)

Article Engineering, Marine

Modeling perceived collision risk in vessel encounter situations

Jeong-Bin Yim et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2018)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Unravelling causal factors of maritime incidents and accidents

Romanas Puisa et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2018)

Article Engineering, Marine

Navigation vector based ship maneuvering prediction

Lokukaluge P. Perera

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2017)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Probabilistic risk assessment on maritime spent nuclear fuel transportation (Part II: Ship collision probability)

Robby Christian et al.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2017)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Development of a quantitative risk assessment model for ship collisions in fairways

Tian Chai et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2017)

Article Engineering, Marine

An analysis of domain-based ship collision risk parameters

Rafal Szlapczynski et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2016)

Proceedings Paper Automation & Control Systems

A Reactive COLREGs-Compliant Navigation Strategy for Autonomous Maritime Navigation

Wasif Naeem et al.

IFAC PAPERSONLINE (2016)

Article Engineering, Industrial

A risk-informed ship collision alert system: Framework and application

Floris Goerlandt et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2015)

Article Engineering, Marine

Cooperative path planning algorithm for marine surface vessels

CheeKuang Tam et al.

OCEAN ENGINEERING (2013)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Probability modelling of vessel collisions

Jakub Montewka et al.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY (2010)

Review Engineering, Marine

Review of Collision Avoidance and Path Planning Methods for Ships in Close Range Encounters

CheeKuang Tam et al.

JOURNAL OF NAVIGATION (2009)

Article Engineering, Industrial

Impact of training programs on decision-making and situation awareness of trainee watch officers

Christine Chauvin et al.

SAFETY SCIENCE (2009)

Article Engineering, Marine

Lookout versus lights: Some sidelights on the dark history of navigation lights

JW Crosbie

JOURNAL OF NAVIGATION (2006)