High-fidelity Rydberg controlled-Z gates with optimized pulses

High-fidelity controlled-Z (CZ ) gates are essential and mandatory to build a large-scale quantum computer. In neutral atoms, the strong dipole-dipole interactions between their Rydberg states make them one of the pioneering platforms to implement CZ gates. Here we numerically investigate the optimized pulses to generate a high-fidelity Rydberg C Z gate in a three-level ladder-type atomic system. By tuning the temporal shapes of Gaussian or segmented pulses, the populations on the intermediate excited states are shown to be suppressed within the symmetric gate operation protocol, which leads to a C Z gate with a high Bell fidelity up to 99.92% . These optimized pulses are robust to thermal fluctuations and the excitation field variations. Our results promise a high-fidelity and fast gate operation under amenable and controllable experimental parameters, which goes beyond the adiabatic operation regime under a finite blockade strength.

Automated summary

In this study, we successfully achieve a high-fidelity Rydberg CZ gate by optimizing the pulses in a neutral atom system. These optimized pulses are robust to experimental fluctuations and allow for fast gate operations under adjustable parameters, surpassing the traditional adiabatic operation regime.