Journal
WATER
Volume 15, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w15234169
Keywords
attapulgite; sludge biochar; adsorption; iron modification; Cu2+
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Three types of modified sludge biochar were produced to enhance copper adsorption in aqueous solutions. The calcium-based magnetic clay biochar showed the highest adsorption capacity and promising potential for practical applications.
Three types of modified sludge biochar were produced for the adsorption of copper in aqueous solutions via the calcium-based magnetic (CaCO3, Fen+) treatment (CA-BC), nanozero-valent iron (nZVI) treatment (nZVI-BC), and iron (Fe3+) treatment (FA-BC) of raw biochar. The results suggested that the adsorption capacity for Cu2+ of calcium-based magnetic attapulgite/sludge biochar (CA-BC) prepared from CaCO3, FeCl3, and FeSO4 is 38.01% greater than that of unmodified biochar and 6.41% to 17.5% greater than that of the other biochar. The CA-BC contained a variety of ferrite-containing and hydroxide-functional groups, as well as a more developed pore structure. The existence of H+ reduced the adsorption capacity of the biochar for Cu2+. A high initial concentration of Cu2+ could increase Cu2+ adsorption on CA-BC. Combined with theoretical calculations, the adsorption efficiency of CA-BC in different systems was explored. The results revealed that CA-BC achieved a maximum removal rate of 92.644% at a pH of 6 with a reaction time of 157 min and an initial Cu2+ concentration of 2.813 mg/L. These results suggest that CA-BC shows great potential for removing Cu2+ from aqueous solutions.
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