Tunable Bose-Einstein condensation and rotonlike excitation spectra with dipolar exciton-polaritons in crossed fields

We develop the many-body theory of dipolar exciton-polaritons in an optical microcavity in crossed outof-plane electric and in-plane magnetic fields. Even for relatively weak fields, we reveal the existence of two minima in the bare lower-polariton dispersion, which give rise to the tunable transition between the polariton Bose-Einstein condensate and that of excitons, produced by the competition between these minima. We predict that such dipolar condensate exhibits a roton-maxon character of the excitation spectrum, never before observed for polaritons. We show that upon the transition between the two condensation regimes, the weak correlations in the polariton gas give way to the intermediate interparticle correlations characteristic for excitons, and that the transition is accompanied by a sharp quenching of photoluminescence as the lifetime is increased by several orders of magnitude. While in the polariton regime, the luminescence peak corresponding to the condensate is shifted to a nonzero angle. The angular dependence of the two-photon decay time in the Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment is calculated and used as a tool to evidence the formation of the macroscopically coherent state. Our proposal opens opportunities towards manipulating the superfluid properties and extended-range dipoledipole correlations of exciton-polariton condensates.

Automated summary

We develop a many-body theory of dipolar exciton-polaritons in an optical microcavity under both out-of-plane electric and in-plane magnetic fields. We discover the existence of two minima in the dispersion of bare lower-polaritons, leading to a tunable transition between polariton Bose-Einstein condensate and excitonic condensate. This dipolar condensate exhibits a unique excitation spectrum characterized by roton-maxon behavior. The transition between the two condensation regimes is accompanied by changes in correlations and photoluminescence. Additionally, our proposal suggests the possibility of manipulating superfluid properties and extended-range dipole-dipole correlations of exciton-polariton condensates.