Journal
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 143, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109209
Keywords
Galectin-1; Silver pomfret; Pattern recognition receptors; Innate immunity; Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae
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In this study, a new galectin protein, SpGal-1, was identified and characterized from silver pomfret. SpGal-1 plays an important role in immune defense and exhibits high affinity for various pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Additionally, SpGal-1 shows strong binding affinity to different types of bacteria.
Galectins, as members of lectin families, exhibit a high affinity for beta-galactosides and play diverse roles in biological processes. They function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with important roles in immune defense. In this study, galectin-1, designated as SpGal-1, was identified and characterized from silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). The SpGal-1 comprises an open reading frame (ORF) spanning 396 base pairs (bp) and encodes a deduced amino acid (aa) sequence containing a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Sublocalization analysis revealed that SpGal-1 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. The mRNA transcripts of SpGal-1 were ubiquitously detected in various tissues, with a higher expression level in the intestine. In addition, when exposed to Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (PDD) infection, both the liver and head kidney exhibited significantly increased SpGal-1 mRNA expression. The recombinant protein of SpGal-1 (named as rSpGal-1) demonstrated hemagglutination against red blood cells (RBCs) from Larimichthys crocea and P. argenteus in a Ca2+ or beta-Mercaptoethanol (beta-ME)-independent manner. Notably, rSpGal-1 could bind with various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including D-galactose, D-mannose, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and peptidoglycan (PGN), with highest affinity to PGN. Moreover, rSpGal-1 effectively interacted with an array of bacterial types encompassing Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Nocardia seriolae) and Gramnegative bacteria (PDD and Escherichia coli, among others), with the most robust binding affinity towards PDD. Collectively, these findings highlight that SpGal-1 is a crucial PRR with involvement in the host immune defense of silver pomfret.
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